Booklet 2 - Role Of Cavour/developments Of Piedmont

Question 1

When was Cavour elected PM of Piedmont?

Answer 1

1852

Question 2

What did Cavour do in 1855 to the Church?

Answer 2

Attacked Church influence/funds - 152 monasteries who couldn’t prove their contributions were charitable were closed

Question 3

What were the positive impacts of Cavour’s 1855 Church reform?

Answer 3

Funded education improvements and reduced Church influence

Question 4

What were the negative impacts of Cavour’s 1855 Church reform?

Answer 4

Upset V.Emmanuel as too radical and fear of upsettingother Catholic countries (France), therefore caused Cavour’s temporary resignation

Question 5

How did Cavour use Mazzini failure in 1853?

Answer 5

Proved a republic wasn’t viable, constitutional monarchy better option

Question 6

How did Cavour create political stability in the 1850s?

Answer 6

Cavour was PM, finance minister and foreign minister - able to keep firm control of all politics, Cavour was strong

Question 7

What were some positive examples of Piedmont’s economic development in the 1850s?

Answer 7

1853 - electric telegraph to Paris, 1857 - construction of Cavour Canal, improvement of textile industry

Question 8

By how much did trade increase in the 1850s in Piedmont?

Answer 8

300%

Question 9

What were the issues of Piedmont’s economic development in the 1850s?

Answer 9

Debt rose from 120 million lire in 1847 to 725 million lire by 1859

Question 10

What were some countries Cavour was able to negotiate trade agreements with in the 1850s?

Answer 10

Britain/France/Belgium

Question 11

What other foreign financial aid did Cavour manage to gain?

Answer 11

Encourages FDI from France into Piedmont, able to gain foreign loans

Question 12

What tunnel was built in 1857 ?

Answer 12

Mount Cenis, joined Italy to France, funded by French bankers

Question 13

When was Italy’s first steam ship built, and where?

Answer 13

1855, Port of Genoa

Question 14

How much of Italy’s total railway was in Piedmont by 1850?

Answer 14

1/3

Question 15

How did Piedmont’s economic developments help to strengthen unification?

Answer 15

Increased foreign relations /potential military strength + Piedmont can be seen as a clear leading power for Italian unification

Question 16

How can Cavour be seen as the key factor for modernisation?

Answer 16

Removed church power, created trade deals and influenced political system

Question 17

What other factors can be seen as causing Piedmont’s modernisation?

Answer 17

Geography ( close to France ), FDI, Victor Emmanuel II and Industry

Question 18

What war did Cavour use as a platform to build foreign relations?

Answer 18

Crimean War (1855)

Question 19

How did Piedmont manage to gain favour in Europe whereas Austria didn’t?

Answer 19

Piedmont helped France/Britain against Russia but Austria stayed neutral

Question 20

How many troops did Cavour send to the Crimean War, and how many died?

Answer 20

18,000 Piedmontese troops - 2,000 died

Question 21

When did Austria finally decide to join the Crimean War?

Answer 21

December 1855 - very late

Question 22

How did Piedmont’s involvement enable Cavour to improve diplomatic relations?

Answer 22

Able to attend the Congress of Paris in 1856

Question 23

How did Cavour take advantage of Charles Albert’s free press in 1847?

Answer 23

Started his own publication Il Risorgimento and used it to publicise his non-revolutionary political ideas

Question 24

Name 3 events Cavour used to gain personal power

Answer 24

Connubio, appointment of Rattazzi, stabilising government post 1857 by sacking Rattazzi and allying with the right.

Question 25

Piscane attempted a Mazzinian uprising in Naples in 1857, which failed. How did Cavour use this failure?

Answer 25

Cavour used failures to prove the unviability of republics and then persecute Mazzinian supporters in Piedmont, hence removing their threat.

Question 26

Whilst running his family estate in the 1830s, he continued to study economics and wrote books. What key institution did he help set up in Turin?

Answer 26

Bank of Turin

Question 27

Was Piedmont’s policy pro Italian nationalism?

Answer 27

Not exactly, more anti-Austrian and pro Piedmontese expansion

Question 28

Visits to Britain and France sparked Cavour’s interest in which areas of the economy?

Answer 28

Industrial cities, railways and banking system

Question 29

Radicals rose up in Milan against the Austrians in 1853, how did Cavour respond?

Answer 29

Warned the Austrians and gained their favour

Question 30

How did Cavour stabilise the government after 1857?

Answer 30

Sacked Rattazzi, stopped attacking the church and allied with the right.