Booklet 1 - Challenges To Restored Order Flashcards
Who were the Carbonari?
Secret society located in Naples, wanted a constitution
Who were the Spillo Negro?
Secretly society located in the Papal States, were Anti-Austrian and liberal
Who were the Federati?
Secret society located in the North, anti-Austrian but more moderate
What inspired the 1830-32 revolutions?
The French Revolution
Where did the 1830-32 revolutions break out?
Modena/Parma and the Papal States
Who led revolutions in Modena/Parma, and what was his aim?
Enrico Misley, wanted Duke Francis as the King
What events occured in Modena/Parma in the 1830-32 revolutions?
Enrico Misley took the city of Modena and set up a constitution, Parma demanded same so Duchess fled
How long did it take for Austria to suppress the 1830-32 revolutions in Modena/Parma?
1 month
Who led revolutions in the Papal States 1830-32?
Professional classes
What was the difference between revolutions in the Papal States and Modena in 1830-32?
Papal States revolutions more anti-church
What occurred as a result of the 1830-32 revolutions in the Papal States?
Government of Italian provinces set up in Bologna, 1831
What were the failures of the secret societies 1830?
Different aid, localised
What were the strengths of the secret societies 1830?
Well educated, risk lives, inspired leaders
Why did the revolutions in the Papal States and Modena not work together?
Papal States refused to help Modena, different aims
What were the failures of the 1830-32 revolutions?
No organisation, mainly middle-class (lacked support), Austrian military strength
Influence of the Riformisti?
Believed Italy needed to be free from Austrian control to flourish
Which journals did the Riformisti use to spread ideas?
Gli Annali and Poleticnico
What did the Riformisti stress importance of, with examples?
Economic growth I.e Chianti Wine
What were the economic issues within Italy between 1820-1840?
Due to agriculture still being dominant, poor harvests caused rising food prices
What was the life expectancy in Naples in 1840s?
24
What was Mazzini’s ideology?
Radical - wanted total unification + republic
What did Mazzini found in 1831, and when did it dissolve?
Young Italy, dissolved in 1848
What did Mazzini first use showing unification?
Tri-colore flag
Who was the alternative to Mazzini for revolutionaries in 1830s/40s?
Charles Albert (Piedmont) - strongest state so had power, but only wanted union with the north
What was the advantages of the new Pope Pius IX in 1846?
More liberal
What is Neo-Guelphism?
Belief of the Pope and Church leading a national revival
How many members of the carbonari were there?
60,000
