Bones of the Foot Flashcards
Number of bones in the foot
26
Bones of the Hindfoot (2)
Talus (dome-like top) & Calcaneus (largest bone in foot/heel)
Bones of the Midfoot (5)
Navicular, Cuniforms (3), Cuboid
Bones of the forefoot
Metatarsals (5) & Phalanges (14)
Anatomical divisions of the foot
Hindfoot, midfoot, forefoot
Sesamoids
Beneath the joint of hallux & first metatarsal
Joints of the foot (#)
33 total
Phalangeal joints (14)
Allow for flexibility and motion between the bones of the foot.
Arches of the foot (3)
Medial longitudinal arch, lateral longitudinal arch, transverse arch
Subtalar / talocalcaneal joint
Transverse plane of motion.
Between talus and calcaneus.
3 facets where talus rests.
Triplane motion
Ankle joint / talocrural joint
Sagittal Plane of motion.
Connection between lower leg and foot.
Transverse Tarsal Joints (Midtarsal / Chopart’s joint)
Talonavicular Joint and calcaneocuboid joint
Tarsometatarsal joint
Between midfoot & forefoot
Lysfranc joint
Medial Longitudinal Arch
Most important of 3 arches of the foot.
Talus, calcaneus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, first 3 metatarsals.
Keystone: navicular
Lateral Longitudinal Arch
Lower/Flatter than medical arch.
Calcaneus, cuboid, 4/5th metatarsal bones.
Keystone: cuboid
Transverse Arch
Right angle from medial/lateral longitudinal arches.
cuneiforms, cuboids & all 5 metatarsal bases.
Lateral Collateral Ligaments (LCLs)
Anterior Talofibular Ligament
Posterior Talofibular Ligament
Calcaneofibular Ligament
Deltoid Ligaments
Medial side of ankle.
Injury is less common to these ligaments compared to lateral ligaments.
Includes: anterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, and posterior tibiotalar ligaments.
Plantar Ligaments (3)
Long plantar ligament, Spring ligament/plantar calcaneonavicular ligament, short plantar ligament (calcaneocuboid ligament)
Posterior Tibial Artery
Posterior/medial side of the foot. Location for pulse.
Dorsalis Pedis Artery
Deep dorsum of foot between the 1st/2nd ray. Location for pulse.
