Bones and the Skeletal System

Question 1

long bones

Answer 1

length exceed width

Question 2

short bones

Answer 2

width exceed length

Question 3

flat bones

Answer 3

e.g. frontal lobe (protection)

Question 4

irregular bones

Answer 4

have gaps to allow blood vessels to fit through

Question 5

sesamoid bones

Answer 5

bones existing within tendons (increase angle of tendon to increase tendon/muscle efficiency)

Question 6

epiphysis

Answer 6

ends of a long bone which form joints

Question 7

diaphysis

Answer 7

the shaft/straight part of the long bone

Question 8

metaphysics

Answer 8

connects epiphysis to diaphysis

Question 9

epiphyseal line

Answer 9

growth plate/line at which bone fuses together

Question 10

periosteum

Answer 10

connective tissue lining the diaphysis

Question 11

spongy bone

Answer 11

towards centre of epiphysis (aerated)

Question 12

compact bone

Answer 12

towards edge of bone

Question 13

medullary cavity

Answer 13

centre of diaphysis

Question 14

bone marrow

Answer 14

within medullary cavity

Question 15

cavitated joint

Answer 15

gap between joints

Question 16

synovial joints

Answer 16

freely movable joints

Question 17

solid joints

Answer 17

no gap between joints

Question 18

fibrous joints

Answer 18

no movement between joints (teeth) and held together by fibrous tissue

Question 19

cartilaginous joint

Answer 19

cartilage present between joints (some movement)

Question 20

primary cartilaginous joint

Answer 20

synchondrosis (growth plates) - hyaline cartilage often fuses to bone so only present in juveniles

Question 21

secondary cartilaginous joint

Answer 21

symphysis - cartilage between two bones (pelvis)