Bones (1) Flashcards
What are the Functions of Bone
- support
- movement ( they are levers)
- protection
- Storage
- Red blood cell fomation
what is the structure of bones
- Compact Bone
- Cancellous Bone (is at the ends)
Describe Compact Bone
- strong
- good at transmitting force in one direction
Describe Cancellous Bone
- light, sponge bone
- shock-absorbing
- resists and channels force that come from multiple directions
what are the bone classes
- long bones
- short bones
- flat bones
- irregular bones
what are the classifications of a long bone
- longer than they are wide
- composed of wider epiphysis (at the ends), and a longer/narrow diaphysis (shaft)
- acts as levers for moment
- thicker compact bone in the diaphysis
- mostly limb bones
- the medullary cavity is where the marrow is
what are the classifications of short bones
- close to equal width and length
- most cancellous bone
- weight bearing (from multiple directions)
what are the functions of flat bones
- for muscle attachment
- protection
- are thin plates of Compact Bone
what are the classifications of irregular bones
- various shapes and functions
- does not fit into any other categories
- often have foramina (holes)
What are the divisions of the skeleton
- Axial = bones of the core (skull, sternum, ribs, vertebral …) Protects vital organs
- Appendicular = bones of the limbs, important for movement, mostly long bones
what is the Skull made up of (axial)
cranium (vault) = a series of flat bones, enclosed the brain, muscle attachment
Facial bones = protect and support sensory organs, all except mandible do not move and are join at sutures
What are the different sections of the Vertebral Column (axial)
- cervical (7)
- Thoracic (12)
- Lumbar (5)
- Sacrum and Coccyx
what is the function of the vertebral column (axial)
- keeps the trunk upright
- supports head
- is posterior of your body
What are the bones that make up the hand
- carpals (8) - short bones
- Metacarpals (5)
- Phalanges (14) - long bones. all have 3 but thumb has 2
what are the bones that make up the feet
- Tarsals (7) - short bones that are made up mostly of cancellous bone
- Metatarsals (5)
- Phalanges (14) - long bones
what are the 2 girdles in the body
1) pectoral (shoulder) - clavicle and scapula
2) pelvic - hip bones (2) and sacrum (axial)
With the Pictorial Girdle, Which bones are connect to make this girdle?
Clavicle - connects the upper limb to the sternum (for stabilising strut)
Scapula - contacts the humerus to to the posteriors of the ribcage.
- is free moving
How many bones make up the pelvic girdle and their names
2x hip/pelvic bones
sacrum (part of the axial skeleton
what is the differences between female and male pelvic bones
- female pelvic cavity is more circular to them having to give birth and hold a child. the pubic arch in females is wider than the males due to child birth
