Bones (1)

Question 1

What are the Functions of Bone

Answer 1

• support
• movement ( they are levers)
• protection
• Storage
• Red blood cell fomation

Question 2

what is the structure of bones

Answer 2

• Compact Bone

- Cancellous Bone (is at the ends)

Question 3

Describe Compact Bone

Answer 3

• strong

- good at transmitting force in one direction

Question 4

Describe Cancellous Bone

Answer 4

• light, sponge bone
• shock-absorbing
• resists and channels force that come from multiple directions

Question 5

what are the bone classes

Answer 5

• long bones
• short bones
• flat bones
• irregular bones

Question 6

what are the classifications of a long bone

Answer 6

• longer than they are wide
• composed of wider epiphysis (at the ends), and a longer/narrow diaphysis (shaft)
• acts as levers for moment
• thicker compact bone in the diaphysis
• mostly limb bones
• the medullary cavity is where the marrow is

Question 7

what are the classifications of short bones

Answer 7

• close to equal width and length
• most cancellous bone
• weight bearing (from multiple directions)

Question 8

what are the functions of flat bones

Answer 8

• for muscle attachment
• protection
• are thin plates of Compact Bone

Question 9

what are the classifications of irregular bones

Answer 9

• various shapes and functions
• does not fit into any other categories
• often have foramina (holes)

Question 10

What are the divisions of the skeleton

Answer 10

• Axial = bones of the core (skull, sternum, ribs, vertebral …) Protects vital organs
• Appendicular = bones of the limbs, important for movement, mostly long bones

Question 11

what is the Skull made up of (axial)

Answer 11

cranium (vault) = a series of flat bones, enclosed the brain, muscle attachment

Facial bones = protect and support sensory organs, all except mandible do not move and are join at sutures

Question 12

What are the different sections of the Vertebral Column (axial)

Answer 12

• cervical (7)
• Thoracic (12)
• Lumbar (5)
• Sacrum and Coccyx

Question 13

what is the function of the vertebral column (axial)

Answer 13

• keeps the trunk upright
• supports head
• is posterior of your body

Question 14

What are the bones that make up the hand

Answer 14

• carpals (8) - short bones
• Metacarpals (5)
• Phalanges (14) - long bones. all have 3 but thumb has 2

Question 15

what are the bones that make up the feet

Answer 15

• Tarsals (7) - short bones that are made up mostly of cancellous bone
• Metatarsals (5)
• Phalanges (14) - long bones

Question 16

what are the 2 girdles in the body

Answer 16

1) pectoral (shoulder) - clavicle and scapula

2) pelvic - hip bones (2) and sacrum (axial)

Question 17

With the Pictorial Girdle, Which bones are connect to make this girdle?

Answer 17

Clavicle - connects the upper limb to the sternum (for stabilising strut)

Scapula - contacts the humerus to to the posteriors of the ribcage.
- is free moving

Question 18

How many bones make up the pelvic girdle and their names

Answer 18

2x hip/pelvic bones

sacrum (part of the axial skeleton

Question 19

what is the differences between female and male pelvic bones

Answer 19

• female pelvic cavity is more circular to them having to give birth and hold a child. the pubic arch in females is wider than the males due to child birth