Gaits cycle

Question 1

When standing where is the lone of gravity

Answer 1

• posterior to hip
• anterior to knee
• anterior to ankle

Question 2

in bipedal standing which ligaments in the hip are tight, in which locking the joint

Answer 2

the capsular ligaments

Question 3

when standing, what happens to the knee

Answer 3

the joint is ‘pushed’ into extension, resulting in the ligaments being tight, = locked joint

Question 4

in standing what happens to the ankle

Answer 4

it is not locked
energy is consumed
‘fall’ into dorsiflexion
plantarflexors stabilise

Question 5

In early stance/heel strike, what are position are the hips, knee, and ankle in

Answer 5

hip = flexion, but moving into extension
knee = extension (locked)
ankle = dorsiflexion (stable), but moving into plantarflexion

Question 6

in Mid stance, what are the positions of the hip, knee and ankle in

Answer 6

hip = moving into extension
knee = moving from extension to slight flexion
ankle = moving into plantarflexion

Question 7

what are the muscles being used in early stance/heel strike

Answer 7

hip = concentric action of gluteus maximus + hamstrings. Eccentric activity of iliopsoas and rectus femorus

Knee = isometric activity of quadriceps femoris, hamstrings and gastrocnemius

Ankle= concentric activity of tibialis anterior

Question 8

what are the muscles being used in the mid stance

Answer 8

hip = concentric action of gluteus maximus + hamstrings. Eccentric activity of iliopsoas

knee = concentric action of hamstrings and gastrocnemius

ankle = concentric action of hamstrings and gastricnemius

Question 9

In late stance/toe off, what position are the hip, knee and ankle in

Answer 9

hip = extension

knee = extension (as the ankle goes into full plantarflexion)

ankle = full plantarflexion

Question 10

what are the muscle being used in late stance/toe off