Bone Mechanics, Repair, & Tissue Engineering Flashcards
-Function of bone is _______, therefor bone is a _______ tissue
-Mechanical; mechanical
-_____ bone acts as a damper that can bear and distribute forces. A small break in ______ is of minimal consequences
-Spongy; trabeculae
-More women die from _______ fractures than breast cancer
-Osteoporotic
-Units for strain _____
-NONE
-_________(__): Tells you how stiff a material is and will be constant for each material
-Elastic Modulus Constant (E)
-The greater the cross-sectional area the less ____ on the object
-Strain
Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Properties
- Initially _____ relationships on Load v Displacement curves until the curve is no longer in the _____ range
- ______ _____: Permanent deformation when bone is no longer in the elastic range and will break
- ______ _____: How much force that can be applied before the bone breaks
- Any material will fail when the ____ reaches a critical value, the ____ NOT ____ determines when the material will break
- Linear; elastic
- Plastic Deformation
- Maximum load
- Stress; stress; force
- Stabilizing a fracture so it’s ____ prevents motion and contact between bones stimulating _______ ossification. This process will result in quicker bone ____, but slower to re-obtain _______
- ____ ____ allows for bone fragments to touch when undergoing motion resulting in ______ ossification and the formation of a ___ ____ that will create ____ cartilage bulge. This process will result in a faster ______ return.
- The ______ environment will determine how BRU cells behave, rigid vs ______
- Rigid; Intramembranous; formation; function
- Cyclic loading; Endochondral; fractured callus; Hyaline; functional
- Mechanical; loading
Tissue Differentiation
Dennis Carter:
-The _______ environment in which the cell is in determines the type of ______ the cell will become
-__________: High tensile strain, & high compression
-_______ _______: High tensile strain, & more tension
-__________: Low tensile strain, & high compression
-__________: Low tensile strain, & high tension
Lutz Claes:
-_________ ossification is dominated by compressive _______ pressure, the ideal situation for healing
- Mechanical; tissue
- Fibrocartilage
- Fibrous Tissue
- Cartilage
- Bone
- Endochondral; hydrostatic
- Majority of bones form via _________ ossification
- ________ ________: Belief that some Hypertrophic Chondrocytes transdifferentiate into __________ rather than undergo apoptosis (good evidence)
- Endochondral
- Chondrocyte Transdifferentiation; Osteoblasts
-_____: Stains the growth plate composed of cartilage red
-Safranin
-_______ _________: Rather than putting the bones back together for a large fracture and letting them heal, you slowly pull them apart. Combination of _______ & ______ ossification. Done to correct limb length ______, large bone _______, and ________ treatment. Best method to heal bones.
-Distraction Ossification; Endochondral; Intramembranous; Deformities; Defects; Pediatric
-Tissue Engineering: Involves the use of _______, _____, and ________
-Biomaterials; Biologics; Biomechanics
Natural Biomaterials
- ______
- ______: Sugar derived from seaweed that is cheap, flavorless, can be degraded, and is often in food
- ______: Can take fibrils and microfibrils to create different materials
- _____ _____: Helps to create porous matrices
- Hydroxyapatite
- Alginate
- Collagen
- Salt leaching
Synthetic Biomaterials
- ______
- ______ foams
- ______ foam
- _______ ______: Cells can grow on them, spanning fiber to fiber, and pull on them making them believe they’re in a _________ environment. Allows for the control of cellular __________ by adding chemical moieties
- Polymers
- Polymer foams
- Metal foam
- Nanofiber Meshes; physiological; behavior
