Bone Markings

Question 1

Foramen

Answer 1

Hole through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass.

Question 2

4 foramens

Answer 2

1) vertebral foramen- encases spinal cord
2) obturator foramen- in ischium, obturator nerve
3) intervertebral foramen- formed by superior/inferior notch of vertebrae
4) transverse foramen- hole for arteries in cervical spine

Question 3

Fossa

Answer 3

Hollow or depression

Question 4

4 fossa’s

Answer 4

1) glenoid fossa- lateral scapula where it attaches to humerous
2) coronoid fossa- distal anterior surface of humerous
3) olecronon fossa- distal posterior surface of humerous
4) intercondylar fossa- posterior surface of distal femur between medial and lateral condyle

Question 5

Groove

Answer 5

Ditchlike groove containing a tendon or blood vessel

Question 6

1 groove

Answer 6

Bicipital groove- proximal anterior humerous dividing greater and lesser tuberosity, where bicep tendon runs

Question 7

Meatus

Answer 7

Canal or tubelike opening in a bone

Question 8

1 meatus

Answer 8

External auditory meatus- hole where ear is (behind TMJ)

Question 9

Sinus

Answer 9

Air filled cavity within a bone

Question 10

3 sinus

Answer 10

1) sinus tarsai- between talus and calcaneus of foot
2) frontal sinus- inside skull above and between eyes
3) maxillary sinus- skull on either side of nose

Question 11

Condyle

Answer 11

Rounded knuckle like projection

Question 12

3 condyle

Answer 12

1) mandibular condyle- on skull TMJ
2) medial and lateral condyle of femur- distal end
3) medial and lateral condyle of tibia- proximal end

Question 13

Eminence

Answer 13

Projecting, prominent part of bone

Question 14

1 eminence

Answer 14

Intercondylar eminence of tibia- superior proximal tibia

Question 15

Facet

Answer 15

Flat or shallow articulate surface

Question 16

3 facets

Answer 16

1) superior coastal facet on body of vertebrae- only found on T1-T10
2) transverse coastal facet on transverse process of vertebrae
3) inferior and superior articular facet of vertebrae

Question 17

Head

Answer 17

Rounded articular projection beyond narrow neckline portion of bone

Question 18

4 heads

Answer 18

1) femoral head
2) humeral head
3) fibular head
4) ulnar head

Question 19

Crest

Answer 19

Sharp ridge or border

Question 20

3 crests

Answer 20

1) iliac crest
2) intertrochanteric crest
3) tibial crest

Question 21

Epicondyle

Answer 21

Prominence above or on condyle

Question 22

2 epicondyles

Answer 22

1) medial epicondyle of humerous
2) lateral epicondyle of femur

Question 23

Lines

Answer 23

Less prominent ridge

Question 24

2 lines

Answer 24

1) linea aspera of femur
2) intertrochanteric line of femur

Question 25

Spines

Answer 25

Long, thin projection

Question 26

5 spines

Answer 26

1) posterior superior iliac spine
2) anterior superior iliac spine
3) posterior inferior iliac spine
4) anterior inferior iliac spine
5) scapular spine

Question 27

Trochanter

Answer 27

Very large prominence for muscle attachment

Question 28

2 trochanters

Answer 28

1) greater trochanter of femur
2) lesser trochanter

Question 29

Tubercle

Answer 29

Small, rounded projection

Question 30

1 tubercle

Answer 30

Adductor tubercle

Question 31

Tuberosity

Answer 31

Large, rounded projection

Question 32

7 tuberosity

Answer 32

1) lesser tuberosity of humerous
2) greater tuberosity of humerous
3) deltoid tuberosity
4) radial tuberosity
5) Ischial tuberosity
6) tibial tuberosity
7) calcaneal tuberosity

Question 33

Process

Answer 33

Projection or outgrowth of tissue from larger body

Question 34

6 processes

Answer 34

1) mastoid process
2) acromion process
3) coronoid process
4) olecronon process
5) radial styloid process
6) ulnar styloid process

Question 35

Vertebral column levels:
C7, T3, and T7

Answer 35

C7= most prominent cervical vertebrae
T3= same level as scapular spine
T7= same level as inferior level of spine