Bone Composition and Skeletal Anatomy Flashcards
How many bones in the body?
206
Axial Skeleton
Central axis of the body. Includes the skull.
How many bones are in the Axial Skeleton?
80
Appendicular Skeleton
Includes limbs, scapula, and pelvic girdle.
How many bones are in the Appendicular Skeleton?
126
Periosteum
The outer covering of a long bone that is composed of dense, fibrous membrane.
Essential for bone growth, repair, and nutrition.
Medullary Aspect
Contains fatty yellow tissue. Red bone marrow is stored here.
Diaphysis
Primary center of bone growth
Epiphysis
Secondary center of bone growth
What age is Epiphyseal fusion complete?
20-25
Metaphysis
Wider portion of bone where bone growth in length occurs.
Osteology
The study of bones
Ossification
The process by which bones are formed.
Spongy or Cancellous
Portion of long bones responsible for red blood cell production.
Hyaline or Articular Cartilage
Type of tissue covering ends of long bones.
Four classifications of bones
Long bones
Short bones
Flat Bones
Irregular bones
Long Bones
Consists of a body and two extremities.
Only in Appendicular Skeleton.
Short Bones
Roughly cuboidal.
Only in wrists and ankles.
Mainly consists of cancellous tissue.
Flat Bones
Two plates of compact bone w/ cancellous bone and bone marrow between.
Provides protection for interior contents and broad surfaces for muscle attachment.
Irregular Bones
Bones w/ peculiar shape.
Examples of Long Bone
Humerus
Femur
Examples of Short Bone
Tarsal bones
Carpal bones
Examples of Flat Bone
Sternum
Scapulae
Calvarium
Example of Irregular Bone
Pelvic bones
Vertebrae
Diploe
The narrow space between the inner and outer table of the flat bones within the cranium.
Sesamoid Bones
Special type of oval-shaped bones that is embedded within the tendons.
Largest Sesamoid Bones?
Patellae
