Bone Classification Flashcards
What are the six more commonly used classifications of normal bone?
long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, paranasal sinus or pneumatic bones, and sesamoid bones
What are the classifications given to abnormal bone?
heterotopic and accessory bone
What is the name given to bone formed in a non-bone location?
heterotopic bone
What is the name given to bone formed from existing bone?
accessory bone
What is the characteristic feature of a long bone?
it is longer than it is across (length greater than breadth)
What are the names given to the parts of a long bone?
the diaphysis (shaft) and typically two epiphyses (extremities)
What are examples of long bones?
humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, and fibula
What is the primary characteristic of short bones?
they are essentially cuboidal
What are examples of short bones?
most of the bones of the carpus and tarsus
What are flat bones?
a thin layer of spongy bone is sandwiched between two layers of compact bone
What are examples of flat bones?
the parietal bone and sternum
What is the name given to the spongy bone of the skull?
diploe
What is characteristic of irregular bone?
numerous projections or irregular outlines
What are examples of irregular bone?
the vertebrae and innominate bones
What is characteristic of pneumatic bone?
air spaces within the bone
What are examples of pneumatic bone?
frontal, ethmoid, maxilla, sphenoid, and temporal
What bones contain paranasal sinuses?
frontal, ethmoid, maxilla, and sphenoid
What is the characteristic of sesamoid bone?
the bone develops within a tendon
What are consistent examples of sesamoid bone?
patella and pisiform
What are examples of heterotopic bone?
calcific deposits in the pineal gland, heart, and ligaments
What are examples of accessory bone?
para-articular processes and bony spurs of vertebrae
