Bone and Joint Disorder Drugs

Question 1

Calcium supplements

Answer 1

Treatment for calcium deficiency

Adverse Effects- hypercalcemia, INJ burning, necrosis, sloughing tissue, cellulitis and soft tissue calcification

Drug- Calcium

Question 2

Vitamin D

Answer 2

Responsible for absorption and usage of calcium and phosphorus

For vitamin D deficiency, osteomalacia

Adverse effects- headaches, constipation, ployuria, decreased bone growth, muscle pain

Question 3

Bisophosphonate

Answer 3

Blocks resorption of bone by blocking osteoclasts activity

Treatment of osteoporosis

Adverse effects- joint pain, GI upset

Drug- alendronate (end in -ronate)

Question 4

Selective estrogen receptors

Answer 4

Work against estrogen binding sits in breasts and other tissues

Treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in post menopausal women

Adverse Effects- hot flashes, leg cramps, thromboembolism

Drug-raloxifene

Question 5

Teriparatide

Answer 5

Stimulates bone formation

Treat osteoporosis

Orthostatic hypotension,muscle spasm

Question 6

Denosumab

Answer 6

Blocks osteoclasts activation, preventing bone resorption

For osteoporosis and bone metastases

Injection every six months

Adverse effects- pancreatitis, hypocalcemia, back pain, extremity pain, musculoskeletal pain, dyspnea

Question 7

Monoclonal Antibody

Answer 7

Neutralizes and prevents action if Timor necrosis factor, resulting in anti inflammatory activity

Decreased rate of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

Ritiximab

Question 8

NSAIDs

Answer 8

Relive pain, headaches, inflammation, acute gout

Adverse Effects- GI, acute kidney injury

Salicylates - acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin, ASA ( headache, myalgia, pain from inflammation)

COC-2 inhibitor - celecoxib (osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain)

Propionic Acids - ibuprofen (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis), Naproxen (gout)

Acetic Acid - indomethacin, ketorolac

Question 9

Colchicine

Answer 9

reduces inflammatory response to deposits or urate crystals

Decrease pain and inflammation in gout

Adverse effects- bleeding into GI or urinary tracts

Question 10

Probenecid

Answer 10

Inhibits reabsorption of iris in the kidney

Reduce serum uric acid levels

For gout

Question 11

Allopurinol

Answer 11

Blocks xanthine oxidase which prevents uric acid production

For gout

Adverse Effects- agranulocytosis, anemia, fatal skin conditions