Body image, the media, and the 'ideal' body Flashcards
Stice (2002)
Body image is a risk factor for clinical EDs.
What is body image?
Grogan (2021): A person’s thoughts and feelings about his/her own body.
What is body dissatisfaction?
Grogan (2021): A person’s negative thoughts and feelings about his/her own body.
What factors are involved in the cognitive behavioural model of body image? (Cash)
Cultural socialisation, interpersonal experiences, physical characteristics, and personality.
What are the current maintenance influences on body image experiences?
When you encounter certain situations, it can trigger automatic processing about one’s appearance, which can lead to self-evaluations. This can lead to internal dialogues about one’s body that may be faulty. This can then lead to self-regulatory behaviours to help manage them, but ends up reinforcing the behaviour through temporary escape.
What are some cognitive distortions about one’s body?
Polarised thinking, biased comparisons of one’s body with their ideal, selected attention to disliked parts of the body, experience of negative mood states which generalise to one’s appearance.
Do those with body dissatisfaction have distorted perceptions?
Cash & Deagle: individuals with an ED tend to overestimate their size.
Ppl without EDs - BMI predicts perceptual accuracy.
What did McCabe et al. find about healthy women and distorted perceptions?
Found that they tended to overestimate their size which led to greater body dissatisfaction and depression.
What did Fallon & Rozin find about size preferences in M&W?
That a woman’s ideal figure was thinner than what they thought men would find attractive. The opposite was true for men - it was larger than they thought women would find attractive.
What did Frederick et al. find about weight and body dissatisfaction?
That M&W didn’t differ much on body satisfaction for normal weight, but women had greater differences in other weight classes (except class 3 obesity)
What is the Sociocultural model of body dissatisfaction and the media? (Thompson et al)
People try to look like media images, as they see the benefits of having an ideal body (internalisation). They also compare themselves to media (appearance comparison) which makes them body dissatisfied.
What is the objectification theory?
In western socieities, bodies are socially constructed to be seen as objects to be looked at and evaluated at.
What is self-objectification?
People think about themselves based on what others view them as.
What did Ferguson find in a review of experimental exposure to media images?
In 204 studies, they found that effects overall were small. However, women who were previously body dissatisfied were more susceptive to exposure.
What did Holland & Tiggeman find about social networking sites?
Found that the use of SNSs was associated with negative body image and disordered eating.
