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PHGY 209 > BODY FLUIDS > Flashcards

BODY FLUIDS Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

Relative constancy of “millea interieur” (Internal Environment)

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2
Q

millea interieur (Surrounding and Internal Environment)

A
  • Surrounding environment is vastly different from the external environment
  • Internal environment remains relatively constant under health conditions
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3
Q

Most abundent single constituent in the body (%)

A

water (45-75%

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4
Q

Aspects of Body Fluids

A

Volume, distrobition, characteristics, function

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5
Q

How does body water change with age?

A

% water decreases (muscle decreases, connective tissue and adipose tissue increases)

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6
Q

Body water % in skin tissues

A

70%

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7
Q

Body water % in muscle tissues

A

75%

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8
Q

Body water % in heart, liver, brain, kidney in tissues

A

70-80%

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9
Q

Body water % in bone tissues

A

25%

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10
Q

Body water % in fat tissues

A

10%

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11
Q

Fat tissue is also known as

A

Adipose tissue

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12
Q

Body water is in a _______ steady state

A

dynamic

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13
Q

amount of obligatory losses per day

A

1.5 L / day

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14
Q

What are the two obligatory losses (amounts)

A

insensible (lungs skin) - 1 L

Urine + stool - 0.5 L

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15
Q

amount of facultative losses per day

A

vary with intake

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16
Q

What is the facultative loss?

A

Urine (kidney is a homeostatic organ)

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17
Q

What is insensible perspiration?

A

Body water lost on a daily basis at a constant rate

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18
Q

What is sweating?

A

Loss of body fluid due to intense activity …. by sweat glands

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19
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Pure Water (loss)

A

insensible perspiration

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20
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Passive evaporation (temperature or humidity)

A

insensible perspiration

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21
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Entire Skin Surface (without sweat glands)

A

insensible perspiration

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22
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Continous

A

insensible perspiration

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23
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Electrolyte solution

A

Sweating

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24
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Active secretion

A

Sweating

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25
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Sweat glands

A

Sweating

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26
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: activated by heavy work or high temp

A

Sweating

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27
Q

water balance (adult % / infant %)

A

turnover of water (2-4% in 24 hrs / 10 % in over 24 hrs)

28
Q

Body water helps maintain normal ________ and ______ volume / pressure

A

solute concentration and blood

29
Q

Body water keeps an adequate supply of ___ to _____

A

O2 to tissues

30
Q

Negative Water Balance

A

More loss than intake

31
Q

Water intoxication

A

to much water intake

32
Q

Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Reduced intake

A

Negative Water Balance

33
Q

Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive loss from gut

A

Negative Water Balance

34
Q

Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive Gut

A

Negative Water Balance

35
Q

Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive Loss in Expired Air (high altitudes)

A

Negative Water Balance

36
Q

Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive loss of urine

A

Negative Water Balance

37
Q

Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive intake

A

Water intoxication

38
Q

Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Renal System Failure

A

Water intoxication

39
Q

Two Body Water Compartments

A

Intracellular Fluid ICF and Extracellular Fluid ECF

40
Q

ICF % of body water

A

2/3

41
Q

ECF % of body water

A

1/3

42
Q

ICF % of body mass

A

40%

43
Q

ECF % of body mass

A

20%

44
Q

ICF location (cells)

A

Inside all the cells

45
Q

ECF location (cells)

A

around the cells

46
Q

ECF two major and minor subcompartments

A

Major: Plasma and Interstitial fluid (ISF)
Minor: Lymph and Transcellular Fliud

47
Q

Plasma (def. and % Body mass)

A

Fluid portion of blood 5%

48
Q

Interstitial Fluid (def. and % Body mass)

A

Fluid between individual cells 15%

49
Q

Lymph (def. and % Body mass)

A

network of blind-ended terminal tubules <1%

50
Q

Transcellular Fluid (def. and % Body mass)

A

Small fluid volumes secreted by specific cells into body cavities (<1-2%)

51
Q

Buffy Layer of Blood (2)

A

WBCs, Platelets

52
Q

RBCs is also known as

A

Erythrocytes

53
Q

Hematocrit

A

(packed cell volume)

54
Q

Body Fluid compartments are in a (static/dynamic) equilibrium

A

dynamic

55
Q

Distribution between compartments = (constant/changing)

A

constant

56
Q

Indicator Dilution Method formula

A

V = Q/ c

Volume
Quantity of indicator
Concentration

57
Q

Non-toxic, no changes in water between compartments, diffuse readily, distribute evenly, easy to measure

A

Indicators

58
Q

Indicator for total body water

A

Antipyrine D20 T20

59
Q

Indicator for ECF

A

radioactively labeled - insulin, sucrose, mannitol

60
Q

Indicator for plasma

A

Evans blue

61
Q

Body fluids are ______ solutions of ______ ions with variable amounts of ________

A

aqueous, inorganic, protein

62
Q

the compartment that is High in K+ and Mg 2+, low in Na+ and Cl-

A

ICF

63
Q

the compartment that is High in Na+ and Cl-, low in K+ and Mg 2+

A

ECF

64
Q

The cell membrane is between the ____ and _____

A

ICF and ECF

65
Q

The capillary wall is between the ____ and _____ (2)

A

ECF and plasma, plasma and external environment

66
Q

The only thing needed to know for indicator dilution method (2)

A

(1) The total quantity of test substance introduced

(2) The concentration of the substance/unit volume of fluid, after dispersion

PHGY 209 (10 decks)

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