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PHGY 209 > BODY FLUIDS > Flashcards

BODY FLUIDS Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

Relative constancy of “millea interieur” (Internal Environment)

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2
Q

millea interieur (Surrounding and Internal Environment)

A
  • Surrounding environment is vastly different from the external environment
  • Internal environment remains relatively constant under health conditions
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3
Q

Most abundent single constituent in the body (%)

A

water (45-75%

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4
Q

Aspects of Body Fluids

A

Volume, distrobition, characteristics, function

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5
Q

How does body water change with age?

A

% water decreases (muscle decreases, connective tissue and adipose tissue increases)

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6
Q

Body water % in skin tissues

A

70%

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7
Q

Body water % in muscle tissues

A

75%

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8
Q

Body water % in heart, liver, brain, kidney in tissues

A

70-80%

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9
Q

Body water % in bone tissues

A

25%

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10
Q

Body water % in fat tissues

A

10%

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11
Q

Fat tissue is also known as

A

Adipose tissue

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12
Q

Body water is in a _______ steady state

A

dynamic

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13
Q

amount of obligatory losses per day

A

1.5 L / day

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14
Q

What are the two obligatory losses (amounts)

A

insensible (lungs skin) - 1 L

Urine + stool - 0.5 L

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15
Q

amount of facultative losses per day

A

vary with intake

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16
Q

What is the facultative loss?

A

Urine (kidney is a homeostatic organ)

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17
Q

What is insensible perspiration?

A

Body water lost on a daily basis at a constant rate

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18
Q

What is sweating?

A

Loss of body fluid due to intense activity …. by sweat glands

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19
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Pure Water (loss)

A

insensible perspiration

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20
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Passive evaporation (temperature or humidity)

A

insensible perspiration

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21
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Entire Skin Surface (without sweat glands)

A

insensible perspiration

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22
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Continous

A

insensible perspiration

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23
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Electrolyte solution

A

Sweating

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24
Q

Sweating or insensible perspiration: Active secretion

A

Sweating

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25
Sweating or insensible perspiration: Sweat glands
Sweating
26
Sweating or insensible perspiration: activated by heavy work or high temp
Sweating
27
water balance (adult % / infant %)
turnover of water (2-4% in 24 hrs / 10 % in over 24 hrs)
28
Body water helps maintain normal ________ and ______ volume / pressure
solute concentration and blood
29
Body water keeps an adequate supply of ___ to _____
O2 to tissues
30
Negative Water Balance
More loss than intake
31
Water intoxication
to much water intake
32
Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Reduced intake
Negative Water Balance
33
Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive loss from gut
Negative Water Balance
34
Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive Gut
Negative Water Balance
35
Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive Loss in Expired Air (high altitudes)
Negative Water Balance
36
Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive loss of urine
Negative Water Balance
37
Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Excessive intake
Water intoxication
38
Negative Water Balance or Water intoxication: Renal System Failure
Water intoxication
39
Two Body Water Compartments
Intracellular Fluid ICF and Extracellular Fluid ECF
40
ICF % of body water
2/3
41
ECF % of body water
1/3
42
ICF % of body mass
40%
43
ECF % of body mass
20%
44
ICF location (cells)
Inside all the cells
45
ECF location (cells)
around the cells
46
ECF two major and minor subcompartments
Major: Plasma and Interstitial fluid (ISF) Minor: Lymph and Transcellular Fliud
47
Plasma (def. and % Body mass)
Fluid portion of blood 5%
48
Interstitial Fluid (def. and % Body mass)
Fluid between individual cells 15%
49
Lymph (def. and % Body mass)
network of blind-ended terminal tubules <1%
50
Transcellular Fluid (def. and % Body mass)
Small fluid volumes secreted by specific cells into body cavities (<1-2%)
51
Buffy Layer of Blood (2)
WBCs, Platelets
52
RBCs is also known as
Erythrocytes
53
Hematocrit
(packed cell volume)
54
Body Fluid compartments are in a (static/dynamic) equilibrium
dynamic
55
Distribution between compartments = (constant/changing)
constant
56
Indicator Dilution Method formula
V = Q/ c Volume Quantity of indicator Concentration
57
Non-toxic, no changes in water between compartments, diffuse readily, distribute evenly, easy to measure
Indicators
58
Indicator for total body water
Antipyrine D20 T20
59
Indicator for ECF
radioactively labeled - insulin, sucrose, mannitol
60
Indicator for plasma
Evans blue
61
Body fluids are ______ solutions of ______ ions with variable amounts of ________
aqueous, inorganic, protein
62
the compartment that is High in K+ and Mg 2+, low in Na+ and Cl-
ICF
63
the compartment that is High in Na+ and Cl-, low in K+ and Mg 2+
ECF
64
The cell membrane is between the ____ and _____
ICF and ECF
65
The capillary wall is between the ____ and _____ (2)
ECF and plasma, plasma and external environment
66
The only thing needed to know for indicator dilution method (2)
(1) The total quantity of test substance introduced | (2) The concentration of the substance/unit volume of fluid, after dispersion

PHGY 209 (10 decks)

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