Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cells to Tissues > Bodily fluids > Flashcards

Bodily fluids Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of our body weight is water?

A

50-70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is TBW and what is it composed of?

A

Total body water = ECF (extracellular fluid) + ICF (intracellular fluid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is are the amounts of ECF and ICF in the body?

A

1/3 of TBW = ECF 2/3 = ICF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the types of extracellular fluid?

A

Plasma volume (PV) and interstitial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What percentage of our ECF is plasma volume? What percentage is interstitial fluid?

A

20% Plasma volume 80% interstitial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is our blood volume?

A

Plasma volume + volume of blood cells (hematocrit)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a normal hematocrit?

A

~45%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is transcellular fluid?

A

A small part of ECF inside organs (e.g. cerebrospinal fluid) It is ignored in calculations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the standard osmolality of body fluids?

A

285 mOsm/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What types of fluid/body compartments are similar? Different?

A

Interstitial fluid and plasma are nearly identical (highly permeable endothelium) while intracellular fluid is markedly different (due to PM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the primary (highest concentration) ions in the intracellular fluid?

A

K+ (highest), phosphates, and some Mg++ and proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the primary (highest concentration) ions in the extracellular fluid?

A

Na+ (highest), Cl- with some bicarb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Is the net charge neutral in the ICF? in the ECF?

A

Neutral in both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is solute flux defined?

A

The number of molecules (or moles) crossing the unit area in the unit time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the equation for flux of a neutral solute at concentrations C1 and C2?

A

J = P(C1 - C2) = P x (delta)C P = permeability J = flux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is macroscopic electroneutrality?

A

The idea that the charge transfer required for creating the electrical potential difference across cell membranes is several orders of magnitude smaller than the typical ion concentrations of a cell. Thus no difference between the the number of + or - mEq/L can be found at either side of the cell membrane using standard chemical measurements.

17
Q

What is the equation for membrane permeability?

A

P = D x Beta / deltaX D is the diffusion coeffcient Beta is the partition coefficient deltaX is the thickness of the membrane

18
Q

Diffusion coefficients are _______ proportional to molecular weight.

A

Inversely

19
Q

____ molecular weight and _____ hydrophobicity have a relatively high permeability across

A

Low MW (large D) and High hydrophobicity (large Beta)

20
Q

What is the equation for work done by chemical potential?

A

MuI = RTln Ci + constant Ci is concentration of the substance, i

21
Q

What is the equation for work done by chemical and electric potential (e.g for an ion)?

A
22
Q

The change in MuI (electrochemical potential) is analogous to what?

A

Change in Gibbs free energy (i.e. negative MuI is passive movement).

23
Q

What does the Nernst equation tell you?

A

The value of the membrane potential when the ion is at equilibrium (i.e. equilibrium potential)

24
Q

What is the equation for the Nernst equation?

A

Simplified: Ei = (61/Zi) log [Cout/Cin]

25
Q

What term is the net driving force?

A

Vm - Ei (Vm = membrane potential, Ei = equilibrium potential for the ion) Note, when these two values equal one another, the net driving force is zero!

26
Q

Flow = ?

A

Conductance x Force

27
Q

What equation can be used to measure conductance (permeability related to ion net driving force)?

A
28
Q

Electric current carried by a permeable ion across membrane is _____ related to the ion net driving force.

A

Linearly

29
Q

What equation can be used to understand ionic equilibria in systems with more than one ion (e.g. Na and Cl)?

A
30
Q

What is the Gibbs-Donna equilibrium?

A

Equilibrium disitribution of permeant ions in the presence of non-permeant proteins.

31
Q

What are the 3 factors that determine Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium?

A
  1. The concentration of cations in equivalents/L (Eq/L) must equal that of the anions on each side of the PM. 2. Concentration of permeat cations must be > and the concentration of permeant anions must be
32
Q

What is the most important physiological effect that results from the Gibbs-Donnan Equilibrium?

A

The negatively charged plasma proteins cause a slight deficit of anions and excess of cations in plasma water compared to the interstitial fluid (about 5%).

33
Q

What is the second most important physiological effect from Gibbs-Donnan Equilibrium?

A

The extra osmoles from the permeat ions plus the impermeant proteins in the plasma cause a higher oncotic pressure in the plasma.

34
Q

Net flux is proportional to what?

A

Concentration gradient

35
Q

What does the partition coefficient represent?

A

The solubility of the molecule in each side of the diffusion barrier (e.g. lipid or water)

36
Q

Do ions have low or high permeability in lipid membranes?

A

Very low

37
Q

What is the voltage of the inside of the cell?

A

-60 mV

Cells to Tissues (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions