blood vessels

Question 1

what do the geniculate arteries do?

Answer 1

• supply the knee joint

- anastomoses w/ popliteal artery at popliteal fossa

Question 2

superficial veins of lower limb (3)

Answer 2

1. ) dorsal venous arch
2. ) small saphenous
3. ) great saphenous

Question 3

deep veins of lower limb (10)

Answer 3

1. ) deep plantar venous arch
2. ) posterior tibial veins
3. ) fibular (peroneal) veins
4. ) popliteal vein
5. ) anterior tibial veins
6. ) femoral vein
7. ) deep femoral vein
8. ) external iliac vein
9. ) internal iliac vein
10. ) common iliac vein

Question 4

superficial veins of upper limb (5)

Answer 4

1. ) dorsal venous network
2. ) cephalic vein
3. ) basilic vein
4. ) median cubital vein
5. ) median antebrachial vein

Question 5

deep veins of upper limb (6)

Answer 5

1. ) deep and superficial palmar arches
2. ) radial veins
3. ) ulnar veins
4. ) brachial veins
5. ) axillary vein
6. ) subclavian vein

Question 6

most common site of blood draw

Answer 6

-median cubital vein

Question 7

hepatic portal system

Answer 7

• receives all of the blood draining from abdominal digestive tract, pancreas, gallbladder, and spleen
• “portal system” b/c blood passes through 2 capillary beds (intestine -> liver) before returning to heart
• liver gets first dibs at nutrients
• also allows liver to detoxify blood

Question 8

sinusoids

Answer 8

-empty into hepatic veins, which drain liver and empty into IVC

Question 9

3 branches of aorta

Answer 9

1. ) brachiocephalic
2. ) left common carotid
3. ) left subclavian

Question 10

branches of brachiocephalic

Answer 10

1. ) right common carotid

2. ) right subclavian

Question 11

cerebral arterial circle (circle of willis)

Answer 11

• surrounds pituitary gland and optic chiasm
• receives blood from internal carotid and basilar arteries
• most people lack some of its components
• crucial for understanding blood clots, aneurysms, stroke, and brain function

Question 12

cerebral arterial circle components

Answer 12

1. ) two posterior cerebral arteries
2. ) two anterior cerebral arteries
3. ) single anterior communicating artery
4. ) two posterior communicating arteries

Question 13

major veins of neck

Answer 13

• 3 on each side
  1. ) internal jugular
  2. ) external jugular
  3. ) vertebral vein
• responsible for draining head and neck
• all empty into subclavian vein

Question 14

internal jugular vein

Answer 14

• receives most of blood into brain
• travels deep to sternocleidomastoid
• picks up blood from facial v, superficial temporal v, and superior thyroid v

Question 15

external jugular vein

Answer 15

• travels superficial to sternocleidomastoid

- drains branches from salivary gland v, facial muscle v, scalp v

Question 16

vertebral vein

Answer 16

• travels in transverse foramina
• does NOT come from brain
• drains cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and small deep muscles of neck

Question 17

celiac trunk

Answer 17

• median branch off the abdominal aorta, just below diaphragm
• supplies upper abdominal viscera
• numerous anastomoses and branches
• immediately gives rise to
  1. ) common hepatic a.
  2. ) left gastric a.
  3. ) splenic a.

Question 18

common hepatic artery

Answer 18

• arises from celiac trunk
• gives rise to- arteries supplying stomach/intestine
  1. ) gastroduodenal a.
  2. ) hepatic a. proper

Question 19

hepatic artery proper

Answer 19

• ascends toward liver
• gives off R gastric artery
• then branches into R/L hepatic aa.

Question 20

right hepatic artery

Answer 20

• gives rise to cystic artery to gallbladder

- then enters inferior part of liver adjacent to L hepatic artery

Question 21

left gastric artery

Answer 21

• supplies stomach and lower esophagus

- arcs around lesser curvature (medial) of stomach and anastomoses w/ R gastric a.

Question 22

anastomoses between superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

Answer 22

-many in order to ensure that blood keeps flowing to intestines even if one way is obstructed

Question 23

superior mesenteric artery

Answer 23

• arises medially from abdominal aorta
• most significant intestinal blood supply
• serves most of small intestine and proximal half large intestine

Question 24

vessels that supply the kidney

Answer 24

• renal arteries

- branch from abdominal aorta

Question 25

vessels that return blood from kidney

Answer 25

- renal veins - drain kidneys into IVC - L longer b/c IVC more on R side of body - L also receives blood from L gonadal and suprarenal vv

Question 26

arteries that supply male and female gonads

Answer 26

1. ) superior/inferior (vaginal) visceral arteries | 2. ) internal pudendal artery

Question 27

superior visceral artery

Answer 27

- arises from anterior trunk via umbilical artery | - supplies urinary bladder and ureter

Question 28

inferior visceral artery

Answer 28

- arises from anterior trunk | - in men, supplies bladder, ureter, prostate, seminal vesicle

Question 29

vaginal artery

Answer 29

- inferior vesical artery of women | - supplies vagina, bladder, rectum

Question 30

internal pudendal artery

Answer 30

- arises from anterior trunk - supplies tissue of penis and clitoris - supplies blood during sexual arousal

Question 31

gonadal veins

Answer 31

- drain gonads - L empties into L renal v - R empties into IVC

Question 32

general name for arteries supplying adrenal glands

Answer 32

- suprarenal arteries | - (suprarenal veins drain)

Question 33

obturator artery

Answer 33

- arises from anterior trunk | - exits pelvic cavity through obturator foramen and supplies adductor muscles of medial thigh