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Neuroanatomy > Blood to the Brain > Flashcards

Blood to the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

brachiocephalic artery

A

branches into right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery

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2
Q

right subclavian artery

A

branches into right vertebral artery

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3
Q

right common carotid artery

A

branches into internal carotid and external carotid

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4
Q

left common carotid artery

A

branches into internal and external carotid

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5
Q

left subclavian artery

A

branches into left vertebral artery

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6
Q

normal blood flow

A

approx. 50 ml/100g/min

  • neurons cease firing at 20 ml/100g/min
  • neuronal necrosis occurs at 10 ml/100g/min
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7
Q

two systems going to the brain

A

vertebral (20%) and internal carotid (80%)

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8
Q

vertebral system

A

supplies posterior regions
- brainstem and cerebellum
- parts of diencephalon
- spinal cord
- parts of temporal and occipital lobes

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9
Q

internal carotid system

A

supplies anterior regions
- most of telencephalon
- most of diencephalon

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10
Q

major branches of vertebral-basilar

A

1) posterior inferior cerebellar a. (PICA)
2) anterior inferior cerebellar a. (AICA)
3) superior cerebellar a. (SCA)
4) posterior cerebral a. (PCA)

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11
Q

major branches of internal carotid

A

1) middle cerebral a. (MCA)
2) anterior cerebral a. (ACA)

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12
Q

superior cerebellar artery (SCA)

A

supplies superior surface of cerebellum, pons (rostral)

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13
Q

anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)

A

supplies anterior and inferior surface of cerebellum, pons (caudal)

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14
Q

posterior inferior cerebellar arter (PICA)

A

supplies posterior and inferior cerebellum, bends around brainstem and supplies lateral medulla and choroid plexus

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15
Q

anterior communicating artery (ACoA)

A

connects anterior cerebral arteries (ACA)

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16
Q

posterior communicating artery (PCoA)

A

connects middle cerebral artery (MCA) to vertebrobasilar system

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17
Q

anterior cerebral artery (ACA)

A

supplies medial cortex - some of parietal and frontal

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18
Q

middle cerebral artery (MCA)

A

supplies lateral cortex - temporal, parietal, frontal

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19
Q

posterior cerebral artery (PCA)

A

supplies medial cortex - some of temporal, occipital

20
Q

circle of Willis

A

1) PCA
2) PCoA
3) ACA
4) ACoA

21
Q

junction of circle of Willis

A

internal carotid artery and vertebral-basilar systems

1) internal carotid
2) MCA
3) ACA
4) PCoA

22
Q

blood supply to midbrain

A

PCA, SCA, basilar

23
Q

blood supply to pons

A

AICA, basilar

24
Q

blood supply to medulla

A

PICA, vertebral

25
Q

blood supply to spinal cord

A

ant. and post. spinal arteries
- ant. (1): 2/3 of spinal cord
- post. (2): 1/3 of spinal cord

26
Q

perforating arteries

A

small branches off of major arteries that go to internal structures of the brain

27
Q

ACoA perforating arteries

A

anteromedial group

28
Q

MCA perforating arteries

A

lateral striate group

29
Q

PCA perforating arteries

A

posteriomedial group and posterolateral group

30
Q

blood supply to internal capsule

A

MCAp, ACAp

31
Q

blood supply to thalamus

A

PCAp

32
Q

blood supply to substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus

A

PCAp, PCoAp

33
Q

blood supply to lentiform nucleus

A

ant. choroidal, MCAp

34
Q

blood supply to nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus

A

ACAp

35
Q

visual pathway structures

A

1) optic nerve
2) optic chiasma
3) optic tract
4) lateral geniculate body (LGB)
5) optic radiations
6) visual cortex

36
Q

blood supply to optic nerve

A

main: ophthalmic artery (off of internal carotid artery)

other: ant. cerebral artery (ACA)

37
Q

blood supply to optic chiasma

A

main: ant. cerebral artery (ACA), internal carotid rami

other: ant. choroidal artery and post. communicating artery (PCoA)

38
Q

blood supply to optic tract

A

ant. choroidal artery and post. communicating artery (PCoA)

39
Q

blood supply to lateral geniculate body

A

ant. choroidal artery and post. choroidal artery (branch of PCA)

40
Q

blood supply to optic radiations

A

ant. choroidal artery, deep branches of PCA, deep optic artery (deep branch of MCA)

41
Q

blood supply to visual cortex

A

PCA, MCA

42
Q

venous drainage of the brain

A

occurs through a system of cerebral veins that empty into dural venous sinuses

43
Q

superior superficial veins

A

1) superior sagittal sinus → transverse sinus → sigmoid sinus → internal jugular vein

2) inferior sagittal sinus → straight sinus → transverse sinus (other) → sigmoid sinus → internal jugular vein

44
Q

inferior superficial veins

A

1) transverse sinus → sigmoid sinus → internal jugular vein

2) cavernous sinus → superior petrosal sinus → sigmoid sinus → internal jugular vein

3) cavernous sinus → inferior petrosal sinus → internal jugular vein

45
Q

deep veins

A

1) great cerebral vein → straight sinus → transverse sinus → sigmoid sinus → internal jugular vein

2) cavernous sinus → pterygoid plexus → internal or external jugular vein → superior vena cava

Neuroanatomy (8 decks)

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