Blood Products Flashcards
Autologous
Blood you donate to yourself. Collect 4-6 wks before surgery. Rare blood type. Contraindicated- infection, chronic disease, CV or cardiovascular disease
Platelets
Kept for 5 days. Leukemia. Given rapidly 4 units/hr
Packed red cells
Kept for 42 days. For surgery or anemia. Given over 2-4 hrs.
Plasma (ffp- fresh frozen plasma)
Coagulopathy and burns
Albumin
Volume expander. Given quickly
Prothrombin
Inc clotting time for pt experiencing dec clot time
Factor VIII
Hemophilia
Gauge
18 biggest you can get. Especially if running it fast.
Starting blood
Start with normal saline. Run 5ml/min first 15 min. Stay w/ pt first 30 min. Infuse in 4 hrs or less. Baseline vitals. V/s- q15min for 1 hr then every hour.
Reaction
Antihistamine, Benadryl, steroids, aspirin. Hang plain IV bag so don’t lose access. Don’t throw away tubing or blood. Sent to lab to see what happened
Transfusion reactions
Allergic, hemolytic, febrile, bacterial
Allergic reaction
Hypersensitivity. AGA deficiency within the body mostly with RBC. Whole blood. Hives, itching, flushing. Benadryl, antihistamine, aspirin. Anaphylaxis- consider airway; may use steroids and epinephrine.
Hemolytic reaction
Incompatibility of blood type. Or a rare component of pt blood can occur immediately or up to 24 hrs later. Systemic reactions- low back pain, low BP, hematuria, O2
Febrile reaction
Antibody. Common with platelets and factor VIII. Most common, esp w/ multiple transfusions. Can occur within minutes to hours. Aspirin
Bacterial reaction
Contaminated blood. Fevers and chills. Become Hypotensive- blood expanders used. Then ABX. Can happen with transfusion of your own blood.
