Blood Products Flashcards
determines ABO and Rh status and the presence of most commonly encountered antibodies – risk of adverse rxn is 1:1000. Takes about 5 minutes
Type and screen
determines ABO and Rh status as well as adverse rxn to even low incidence antigens – risk of rxn is 1:10,000. Takes about 45 minutes
Type and crossmatch
The most common adverse reactions to blood products
allergic and febrile non-hemolytic
Which transfusion product carries the greatest possibility of infection leading to sepsis from Pseudo, serratia, or yersinina?
PRBCs
Pts present with hypoxemia, bronchospasm, acute respiratory distress, bl pulm infiltrates. Self-limited – usually resolved in 24-48 hrs
Transfusion related acute lung injury
Presents with inc temp, DIC, hypotension, hemoglobinuria
febrile hemolytic reaction
Mediated through antibodies to IgA immunoglobulins that are present in all donor plasma. Presents with wheezing and hypotension
anaphylactic transfusion rxn
What do patients who are deficient in IgA require in order to recieve a transfusion?
washed PRBCs
detects abnormalities in prekallikrein, Factors XII, XI, IX, VIII, X, V, II
PTT (intrinsic)
detects abnormalities in Factors II, V, VII, X and fibrinogen
PT (extrinsic)
tests clot formation from fibrinogen
thrombin time
What is the only indication for PRBCs (ie Hbg <6)?
increase O2 carrying capacity
Contains all soluble coagulation factors. Used for coagulation deficiencies and correction of microvascular bleeding after massive transfusion
FFP
What blood product is used to replace factor VIII (Hemo A), factor XIII, fibrinogen, fibronectin, and vWF?
cryoprecipitate
What are the indications for a platelet transfusion?
pt with microvascular bleeding whose PLT < 50,000 or normal PLT with platelet dysfunction
