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Blood Components Flashcards

1
Q

Components after Light Spin

LS - 2,000 RCF for 3 mins

A

Components after Light Spin

  • PRBCs
  • PRP
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2
Q

Components after Heavy Spin

5,000 RCF for 5 minutes

A

PC
PPP

If PPP is frozen - FFP

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3
Q

Components after Heavy Spin

5,000 RCF for 7 minutes

A

Cryoprecipitate

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4
Q

Transfusion Therapy

Main indication for use of RBCs
* Hemoglobin
* Hematorit

A

Hemolglobin: <6 g/dL
Hematocrit: <18%

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5
Q

Transfusion Therapy

Indication - WB Transfusion

A

Lodd of 25% of blood
Actively bleeding

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6
Q

Transfusion Therapy

Indication - PRBCs Transfusion

A

> 15% blood loss
No active bleeding, Normovolemic px.

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7
Q

Transfusion Therapy

PRBCs Hct

A

65-80% (not greater than 80%)

DOH - 55-75%

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8
Q

Prevent Febrile transfusion (FNHTRs)

A

leukocyte-reduced RBCs

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9
Q

Indication - Leukoreduced RBCs

A

Prevent:
1. FNHTRs
2. HLA Abs
3. CMV

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10
Q

Leukoreduced RBCs should retain ____% of RBCs

A

85%

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11
Q

<5 x 10^6 WBC

A

1 unit of leukoreduced RBCs and single donor platelet

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12
Q

<8.3x10^5 WBCs

A

1 unit of Leukoreduced Random platelet donor

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13
Q

Prevent TRALI

A

Washed RBCs

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14
Q

Inidication - Washed RBC

A

Inidication - Washed RBC

Transfusion hx:
* Allergic reactions
* Anaphylactic reactions
* TRALI

Remove plasma Proteins
PNH
Aplastic Anemia

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15
Q

Prevent GVHD

A

Irradiated RBCs

inactivate replication of lymphocytes

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16
Q

Indication - Irradiated RBCs

A

Indication - Irradiated RBCs
* Immunodeficient
* BM transplant
* Transfusion from immunocompetent 1st degree relative

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17
Q

Shelf life - Irradiated RBCs

A

28 days

Irradiation from collection: 14 dyas, Storage 14 days

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18
Q

cesium-137

A

commonly used to irradiated components

other: cobalt-60

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19
Q

Minimum dose of gamma irradiation

A

25GY

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20
Q

Transfusion therapy

Indication - Frozen RBCs

A
  • Storage of rare blood groups and autologous units
  • Ig-A deficient patients
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21
Q

Croprotective agent in Frozen RBCs

A

* Glycerol
* Dimethlysulfoxide

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22
Q

Glycerol

A

used in preparation of Frozen RBCs

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23
Q

Shlef Life - 10 years

A

Frozen RBCs

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24
Q

Method of Freezing RBCs - High Glycerol Method
* Reagent:
* Storage:
* Freezer:

A

Method of Freezing RBCs - High Glycerol Method
* Reagent: 40% glycerol
* Storage: -80C
* Freezer: Mechanical Freezer

Commonly used; Slow uncontrolled freezing

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25
Q

Method of Freezing RBCs - Low Glycerol Method
* Reagent:
* Storage:
* Freezer:

A

Method of Freezing RBCs - Low Glycerol Method
* Reagent: 20%
* Storage: -120C
* Freezer: Liquid nitrogen

Rapid; Controlled freezing

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26
Q

Deglycerolization

removal of glycerol

A

washing RBCs in HYPOTONIC solution and follwed by a ISOTONIC solution

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27
Q

Indication - RBC Aliqouts

A

Transfusion for neonates

28
Q

Shelf Life - RBC Aliqouts
* Closed System
* Open System

A

Shelf Life - RBC Aliqouts
* Closed System - Original expiration of unit from collection
* Open System: 24 hrs

29
Q

Indication - Neocyte enriched RBC

A
  • Thalassemia
  • Hemochromatosis
30
Q

Indication - PC

A

Platelet count: <20,000/ul
Active bleeding

31
Q

NOT INDICATED to recieve Platelet concentrate from RDP

Random Donor Platelet

A

Immune thrombocytopenia/Idiopathic Thrombocytiopenia

ITP has antibodies against platelet due to multiple platelet transfusion

32
Q

RDP

A

derived from WB centrifugation

33
Q

RDP
* 1 unit of platelets contains
* pH
* 1 unit increase platelets by __________

A

RDP
* 1 unit of platelets contains: 5.5 x 10^10
* pH: >6.2
* 1 unit increase platelets by 5,000 - 10,000/uL

34
Q

Recipients of platelet units can recieve ________ random units of pooled platelets prior to transfusion

A

Legend: 4-6 units
Harmening: 6-8 units
Turgeon: 6-10 units

Average: 6 units

35
Q

SDP

require more preparation time: 1-3 hrs

A

derived from Plateletpheresis

36
Q

SDP
* 1 unit of platelets contains
* pH
* 1 unit increase platelets by __________

A

SDP
* 1 unit of platelet contains 3x10^11
* pH: >6.2
* 1 unit increase platelets by 30,000-60,000

37
Q

Indicaton - SDP

A

ITP

should be HLA matched

38
Q

Refractoriness

unresponsive to platelet transfusion

A

<5,000/ul after 1 hr post transfusion

39
Q

Most common cause of Refractoriness

A

HLA immunization (ITP)

40
Q

Shelf life - PC
* Closed System
* Open System

A

Shelf life - PC
* Closed System - **5 days **with constant agitation
* Open System - 4 hours

41
Q

Indication - Granulocyte

A
  • Severe neutropenia- <350/uL
  • Systemic infection uncontrolled by antibiotics
42
Q

> 1.0x10^10

A

1 unit of granulocyte

43
Q

Indication - Plasma and Detivatives
* PT
* aPTT
* Fibrinogen

A

Indication - Plasma and Detivatives
* PT - >16 sec.
* aPTT - >60 sec.
* Fibrinogen - <100 mg.dL

44
Q

FFP is prepared within:
* 6 hours
* 8 hrours

A

FFP is prepared within:
* 6 hours - ACD
* 8 hours - CPD, CP2D, CPDA1

45
Q

FFP is initially stored ________ , but once frozen, change to ________ position

A

FFP is initially stored HORIZONTALLY , but once frozen, change to VERTICAL position

46
Q

Storage & Shelf life - FFP

  • -18C
  • -65C
A

Storage & Shelf life - FFP

  • -18C: 1 year
  • -65C: 7 years
47
Q

Storage and Life span - Thawed FFP
* 1-6C
* 4C

FFP should be thawed 30-37C for 30-45 mins

A

Storage and Life span - Thawed FFP
Storage: 1C-4C & 4C
Life span: 24 hrs

4C storage if PF VIII is not needed

48
Q

Storage of Delayed Testing - Thawed FFP

A

1C-6C

Refrigerate plasma after thawed when delayed for testing

49
Q

Indication - FFP

A

Multiple Coagulation Deficiences
Bleeding patients - need PFII, V, VII, IX, and X
Warfarin effects

50
Q

Can be prepared from FFP

A

Cryoprecipitate

51
Q

Preparation - Cryoprecipitate from FFP

A

Preparation - Cryoprecipitate from FFP

FFP
1. Thaw FFP - 4C
2. Centrifuge - Hard Spin (7 minutes)
3. Leave 10-15mL of plasma in the precipitate
4. *Freeze within 1 hr *after becomes slushy
5. Refrozen cryosupernate (-18C)

Frozen Cryoprecipitate
1. Thaw - 37C

FFP > Thaw (4C) > HS > Cryoprecipitate > Freeze > Frozen FFP > Thaw(37C)

52
Q

Storage & Life Span - Thawed Cryprecipitate
* Storage
* Life Span

A

Storage & Life Span - Thawed Cryprecipitated

  • Storage - 20C-24C
  • Life Span - 6 hours

Thawed cryoprecipitate is stored in Room Temp if delayed testing

53
Q

Storage & Life Span - Pooled Cryprecipitate
* Storage
* Life Span

A

Storage & Life Span - Pooled Cryprecipitate
* Storage: 20C-24C
* Life Span: 4 hours

54
Q

Components - Cryoprecipitate

A
  • Fibribogen
  • AHF:VIII c
  • vWF
  • F XIII
55
Q

Pooled from plasma using Cold Ethanol Fractionation Medthod

A

Factor Concentrates

Factor VIII, IX, XIII - lyophilized products/freeze dried

56
Q

Preparation/Methods of Factor concentrates

to eleiminate viral contamination

A

Pasteurization
Solvent and Detergent treatment
Monocolonal purification
UV irradiation

57
Q

Tx: Classic hemophilia, Hemophilia A, FVIII deficient

A

F VIII concentrates

58
Q

Tx: Hemophilia B or F IX defeciency

A

Factor IX products

59
Q

3 forms of F IX products

A

Prothrombin complex
F IX concentrate
Recombinant factor IX

60
Q

RBC substitute

A

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

61
Q

Plasma Volume expander

Ringer’s Lactate

A

Crystalloids

62
Q

Plasma volume expanders

Colloids

A

Dextran (6%-10%)

63
Q

Increased - RBC Storage Lesions

A
  • Lactic acid
  • Plasma K+
  • Plasma hemoglobin
  • Microaggregates
64
Q

Decreased - RBC Storage Lesions

A
  • ATP
  • 2,3-DPG
  • pH
  • Glucose
  • Viable Cells
65
Q

Most susceptible unit to bacterial contamination

66
Q

Y. enterolitica

cold resistant

A

most common isolate in RBC units

67
Q

2nd Most common isolate for bacterial contamination

A

Pseudomonas spp.

IHBB (11 decks)

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