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BIOL 140 > Blood: CHP 8 > Flashcards

Blood: CHP 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main functions of blood?

A

Transportation, protection, and regulation

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2
Q

Give an example for each function of blood.

A

Transportation: transports oxygen from lungs to body cells.
Protection: platelets form clots after injury to prevent blood loss.
Regulation: distributes heat and maintains body temperature.

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3
Q

Describe the color of blood.

A

Scarlett (oxygen-rich) to dark red (oxygen-poor).

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4
Q

What is the volume of blood in the body?

A

4-5L for women
5-6L for men

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5
Q

What is the plasma concentration of blood?

A

0.09%

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6
Q

What is the temperature of blood in the body?

A

100.4 degrees Fahrenheit

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7
Q

What is the pH of blood?

A

7.35-7.45

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8
Q

What are the steps of drawing blood?

A
  1. Withdraw blood into syringe, place into a centrifuge tube.
  2. Place tube into centrifuge and spin for 10 minutes.
  3. Components of blood will separate during centrifugation to reveal plasma, buffy coat, and eythrocytes.
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9
Q

What are the main components of blood?

A

White blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, plasma

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10
Q

What is the buffy coat?

A

White blood cells and plasma

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11
Q

What are hematocrits?

A

Red blood cells

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12
Q

What is the plasma made up of?

A

Water, nutrients, proteins, hormones

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13
Q

What is the main function of white blood cells?

A

Immune response, fighting against harmful substances

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14
Q

What is the main function of red blood cells?

A

Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide, contain hemoglobin

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15
Q

How long do red blood cells live and why?

A

120 days, because they don’t have a nucleus therefore it uses up its energy supply in about 120 days.

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16
Q

What is the main function of platelets?

A

Hemostasis (blood clotting)

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17
Q

How long do platelets live?

A

8-10 days

18
Q

What type is the universal recipient?

A

AB+

19
Q

What type is the universal donor?

A

O

20
Q

What blood test is for liver/kidney disease?

A

Albumin

21
Q

What does A1C test for?

A

Diabetes

22
Q

What does BUN test for?

A

Kidney function

23
Q

What blood test is for thyroid disorders?

A

TSH

24
Q

What does PT test for?

A

Hepatitis

25
Q

What are arteries?

A

Vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.

26
Q

What are veins?

A

Vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood toward the heart.

27
Q

What are arterioles?

A

Smaller vessels that branch off arteries into tissues.

28
Q

What are capillaries?

A

Thin-walled vessels that surround every cell

29
Q

What are venules?

A

Small vessels that carry blood away from capillaries toward the heart.

30
Q

What are the five tunics or coat in order from interior to exterior?

A

Lumen, epithelium, tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia

30
Q

What are the five tunics or coat in order from interior to exterior?

A

Lumen, epithelium, tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia

31
Q

What are the three types of capillaries?

A

Continuous, sinusoid, fenestrated

32
Q

What is the function of the brachial artery?

A

To deliver blood to upper limbs

33
Q

What blood vessels offer the most resistance to flow?

A

Arterioles

34
Q

Which protein is most abundant in plasma?

A

Albumin

35
Q

What is erythropoetin?

A

A hormone that stimulates the production of new red blood cells

36
Q

Why is an Rh marker important during pregnancy?

A

Hemolytic disease can occur with following children

37
Q

What is a thrombus?

A

A clot that forms inside a vein or artery

38
Q

Deficiency of which vitamin can cause anemia?

A

Vitamin B12

39
Q

What is bilirubin?

A

Pigment in red blood cells after they are broken down

BIOL 140 (11 decks)

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