Blood: CHP 8 Flashcards
What are the three main functions of blood?
Transportation, protection, and regulation
Give an example for each function of blood.
Transportation: transports oxygen from lungs to body cells.
Protection: platelets form clots after injury to prevent blood loss.
Regulation: distributes heat and maintains body temperature.
Describe the color of blood.
Scarlett (oxygen-rich) to dark red (oxygen-poor).
What is the volume of blood in the body?
4-5L for women
5-6L for men
What is the plasma concentration of blood?
0.09%
What is the temperature of blood in the body?
100.4 degrees Fahrenheit
What is the pH of blood?
7.35-7.45
What are the steps of drawing blood?
- Withdraw blood into syringe, place into a centrifuge tube.
- Place tube into centrifuge and spin for 10 minutes.
- Components of blood will separate during centrifugation to reveal plasma, buffy coat, and eythrocytes.
What are the main components of blood?
White blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, plasma
What is the buffy coat?
White blood cells and plasma
What are hematocrits?
Red blood cells
What is the plasma made up of?
Water, nutrients, proteins, hormones
What is the main function of white blood cells?
Immune response, fighting against harmful substances
What is the main function of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide, contain hemoglobin
How long do red blood cells live and why?
120 days, because they don’t have a nucleus therefore it uses up its energy supply in about 120 days.
What is the main function of platelets?
Hemostasis (blood clotting)
How long do platelets live?
8-10 days
What type is the universal recipient?
AB+
What type is the universal donor?
O
What blood test is for liver/kidney disease?
Albumin
What does A1C test for?
Diabetes
What does BUN test for?
Kidney function
What blood test is for thyroid disorders?
TSH
What does PT test for?
Hepatitis
What are arteries?
Vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
What are veins?
Vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood toward the heart.
What are arterioles?
Smaller vessels that branch off arteries into tissues.
What are capillaries?
Thin-walled vessels that surround every cell
What are venules?
Small vessels that carry blood away from capillaries toward the heart.
What are the five tunics or coat in order from interior to exterior?
Lumen, epithelium, tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia
What are the five tunics or coat in order from interior to exterior?
Lumen, epithelium, tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia
What are the three types of capillaries?
Continuous, sinusoid, fenestrated
What is the function of the brachial artery?
To deliver blood to upper limbs
What blood vessels offer the most resistance to flow?
Arterioles
Which protein is most abundant in plasma?
Albumin
What is erythropoetin?
A hormone that stimulates the production of new red blood cells
Why is an Rh marker important during pregnancy?
Hemolytic disease can occur with following children
What is a thrombus?
A clot that forms inside a vein or artery
Deficiency of which vitamin can cause anemia?
Vitamin B12
What is bilirubin?
Pigment in red blood cells after they are broken down
