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OLFU Parasitology > Blood And Tissue Flagellates > Flashcards

Blood And Tissue Flagellates Flashcards

0
Q

Infective stage for 3 species of trypanosoma

A

Metacyclic trypomastigote

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1
Q

Trypanosoma

A

Gambiense
Rhodesiense
Cruzi

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2
Q

Mode of transmission of trypanosoma

A

Bite from blood sucking invertebrates ( glossinia and reduviid )
Ingetion of infected fly
Entrance of parasite through abrasion

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3
Q

Etiologic agent of gAmbian or west african sleeping sickness

A

Trypanosoma gambiense

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4
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense

A

Found in west and central africa

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5
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense form of disease

A

Chronic

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6
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense morphology

A

Polymorphic

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7
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense forms

A

Epimastigote

Trypomastigote

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8
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense vectors

A

Riverine tsetse flies

Glossinia spp

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9
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense infect human during

A

Swimming

Doing laundry

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10
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense pathology

A

CNS involvement, 2nd year death

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11
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense incubation period

A

14 days to months

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12
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense congenital transmission possible

A

True

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13
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense sign and symptoms

A 
Nodule or chancre
Acute: fever, headache, joint pin, microcytic anemia, leukocytoss
Lymphadenopathy
Winterbottom's sifn
Suboccipital lymph node
Chronic: diffuse meningoencepalitis
CNS inolvement ess profound
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14
Q

Enlarged non tender psterior cervcal lymoh nodes

A

Winterbottom’s sign

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15
Q

Etiologic agent of east african sleeping sickness

A

Trypanosoma rhodesiense

Rhodesian trypanosomiasis

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16
Q

Acute type of african sleeping sickness

A

Trypanosoma rhodesiense

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17
Q

Trypanosoma rhodesiense morpholgy

A

Indistinguisabe from gambiense

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18
Q

Lower incidence, less frequent epidemics

A

Trypanosoma rhodesiense

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19
Q

Trypanosoma rhodesiense reservoir

A

Wild animals

Domestic cattles

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20
Q

Trypanosoma rhodesiense vector

A

Woodland tsetse flies ( glossinia moritants, G. Pallidipes )

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21
Q

Trypanosoma rhodesiense pathology

A

More rapid and fatal than gambiense

Death within 1 year

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22
Q

Trypanosoma rhodesiense difference in gambiense

A

Febrile paroxysma

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23
Q

Trypanosoma rhodesiense sign and symptoms

A 
Less pronounced nodule enlargement
Edema
Myocarditis
Weakness
CNS changes ess frequent
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24
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi

A

Nwe world

American

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25
Q

AKA of Trypanosoma cruzi

A

Chaga’s disease

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26
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi

A

Common in S. America

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27
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi reservoir

A

Wild rodents, burrowing animals, mammals

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28
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi morphology

A

All stages present
20 um
C or S shaped

29
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi stages

A

Amastigote
Epimastigote
Trypomastigote

30
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi blood

A

Long, thin flagellates

31
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi tissue

A

Round intracell amastigote, cyst like

32
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi vector

A

Reduviid bug, triatoma infestation, kissing bug

33
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi pathology

A

Prefer cardiac, skeletal and muscle fibers for multiplication
Found in blood and intracell in early stage

34
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi ss acute

A

Common among s

35
Q

Local lesion at site of incubation; subcutaneous

A

Chagoma

36
Q

Unilateral conjuctivitis, orbital edema

A

Romana’s sign

37
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi ss chronic

A

Megaesophagus
Megacolon
Alteration in conduction system of heart
CHF

38
Q

Leishmania types

A

Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
Leishmania donovani

39
Q

3 species recognized according to clinical entities

A

Cutaneos
Mucocutaneous
Visceral

40
Q

2 morphologic stages leshmania

A

Amastigote

Promastigote

41
Q

Only human, intracellular in vertebrates

A

Amastigote

42
Q

Midgut and proviscus in intermediate host, infective stage

A

Promastigote

43
Q

Leishmania

Infective stage to definitive host

A

Metacyclic promastigote

44
Q

Multiply by binary fission in the macrophage

A

Meracyclic promastigote

45
Q

Leishmania diagnosis

A

Visualization of amastigotes in blood smears and bone marrow biopsy

Culture growth of promastigotes

46
Q

Leishmania treatment

A

Donovi, tropica, braziliensis

Meglumine antimonite
Sodium stibogluconate

47
Q

Leshmania tropica

A

New world leshmaniasis

48
Q

Cutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Leshmania tropica

49
Q

Leshmania tropica tropica major

A

Dry lesion, no exudates

50
Q

Leshmania tropica tropica minor

A

Wet lesion, more common in urban areas

51
Q

Leshmania tropica reservoir

A

Gerbils and rodents

52
Q

Leshmania tropica ss

A

Swelling - papule - pustule - sore - crusted ulcer

Epitheloid and lymphoid

53
Q

Cutaneous leishmaniasis description

A 
Most common
Oriental sores, jericho boils
Sore at the bite site
Heal in few months to years
Leaves an unpleasant scar
Can progress to any 3 forms
54
Q

Leishmania braziliensis

A

Mucocutaneous leishmaniass

55
Q

American leishmaniasis

A

Leishmania braziliensis

56
Q

Leishmania braziliensis pathology

A

Lessions occur on skin, oral, nasal and pharynx then erode to form ulcers

57
Q

Leishmania braziliensis forms

A

Chiclero ulcers, espundia, uta

58
Q

Leishmania braziliensis ss

A

Ulcers

59
Q

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis description

A

More aggressive
Last longer
Disseminated to mucos membrane ( mouth and nose )

60
Q

Leishmania braziliensis treatment

A

Pentostam or pyrimethamie

Cycloguanil pamoate

61
Q

Leishmania donovani

A

Old world leishmaniasis

62
Q

Common in africa, india, asia, midle east

A

Leishmania donovani

63
Q

Other name of Leishmania donovani

A

Kala azar ( black sickness )

64
Q

Leishmania donovani aka

A

Visceral leshmaniasis

65
Q

No nonhuman reservor

A

Classic kala azar

66
Q

Leishmania donovani dogs

A

Infantile

67
Q

Resistant to antimony treatment, rats

A

Sudanese

68
Q

Leishmania donovani vector

A

Sand fly female

Phlebotomus spp. And lutzomyia

69
Q

Leishmania donovani reservoir

A

Dogs

70
Q

Leishmania donovani 1st sign and symptoms

A

Malaise
Intermittent fever
Headache

71
Q

Leishmania donovani diagnosis

A

Cultivated in NNN or liquid cultures as promastigote of splenic and hepatic material
Blood smear or culture
Sternal, splenic, hepatic, or LN puncture

OLFU Parasitology (9 decks)

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