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COM - GI Midterm > Blood And Nerve Supply > Flashcards

Blood And Nerve Supply Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the aorta terminate?

Intra or Retroperitoneal?

A

L4

Retro

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2
Q

Where does the thoracic duct drain into?

A

Left subclavian vein

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3
Q

What is an abdominal aortic aneurysm due to?

Where does it normally arise?

What is the major complication?

A

Atherosclerosis

Below renal arteries and above aortic bifurcation

Rupture when > 5cm

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4
Q

What is the false lumen of AAA?

A

Media coming apart and getting engorged with blood

Appears as 2 lumens in CT scan

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5
Q

What PS innervation supplies the foregut?

Vertebral level location?

Sympathetic innervation levels?

A

Vagus

T12-L1

T5-9 Greater Splanchnic n.

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6
Q

What PS innervation supplies the midgut?

Vertebral level location?

Sympathetic innervation levels?

A

Vagus

L1

T10-11 Lesser Splanchnic n.

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7
Q

What PS innervation supplies the hindgut?

Vertebral level location?

Sympathetic innervation levels?

A

Pelvic splanchnic

L3

T12-L2 Least splanchnic n.

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8
Q

Where does the celiac trunk branch from the aorta?

A

T12-L1

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9
Q

What are the 3 branches off of the celiac trunk?

A

Left gastric
Splenic
Common hepatic a

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10
Q

Where is the splenic artery located?

What branches does it have?

A

Within the splenorenal ligament

Short gastric a, left gastro-omental, pancreatic branches

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11
Q

What does the left gastric a. give off?

What does it anastomoses with and where?

A

Esophageal branches

Right gastric artery along the lesser curvature of the stomach

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12
Q

The common hepatic a. turns into the proper hepatic artery and gives off what?

What does the proper hepatic a. terminate as?

A

Right gastric artery

Right and left hepatic arteries

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13
Q

What does the right hepatic a. give off?

A

Cystic artery

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14
Q

Where does the gastro-duodenal artery arise from?

What does it bifurcate into?

A

Common hepatic artery

Right gastro-omental a. And superior pancreaticoduodenal a.

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15
Q

What does the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery branch into?

A

Anterior pancreaticoduodenal a. And posterior pancreaticoduodenal a.

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16
Q

What surrounds the portal triad?

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament

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17
Q

What is the portal triad with spatial relationships?

A 
Proper hepatic artery (left)
Portal vein (posterior)
Bile duct (right)
18
Q

What structures form the portal vein?

A

Splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein

19
Q

What does a cholecystectomy dissect through?

To reach what?

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament

Cystic artery

20
Q

What are the boundaries of Calot’s Triangle?

A

Medially - common hepatic duct
Laterally - cystic duct
Superiorly - liver

MLS Come Cheer Losers

21
Q

What is Calot’s node for?

A

Main route of lymphatic drainage of the gallbladder

22
Q

Where does the superior mesenteric artery emerge from the aorta?

A

Posterior to the neck of the pancreas

1cm below celiac trunk

23
Q

What is usually the 1st branch off the SMA?

What does this artery branch into?

A

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal a.

anterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal a. And posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal a.

24
Q

What branch off the celiac trunk supplies the pancreas?

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal a.

25
Q

What is a major branch off the SMA that supplies the large intestine?

A

Ileocolic artery

26
Q

What are the branches off the SMA?

A

Ileocolic a.
Right colic a.
Middle colic a.

27
Q

What are the branches of the ileocolic a.?

A 
Ileal branch
Colic branch
Anterior and posterior Cecil branches
Appendicular branch
Ascending colic branch
28
Q

What does the marginal artery (of Drummond) supply?

Why is it important?

A

Parallels the margin of the colon formed by anastomoses of colic arteries

Makes it possible to cut out parts of the colon and re-anastomose them while maintaining blood supply

29
Q

What are the branches of the IMA?

A

Left colic a. (Asc and desc branches)
Sigmoid arteries
Superior rectal a.
Marginal a.

30
Q

What are the risk factors for ischemic colitis?

Etiology?

Complications?

A

Old age, clotting problems, hypercholesterolemia, HTN, marathons
Atherosclerosis, severe HTN, clot, DVT, lupus, sickle cell, cocaine

Tissue death, perforation, bowel obstruction

31
Q

Where do superior rectal arteries and veins drain to?

Middle rectal a. And v.?

Inferior rectal a. And v.?

A

Inf. Mesenteric v.

Internal iliac v.

Internal pudendal v.

32
Q

Where do sympathetic preganglionic fibers arise from?

Where do they travel in?

Where do they synapse?

A

T5-L1

Splanchnic nerves

Prevertebral sympathetic ganglia

33
Q

Where do PS nerve fibers synapse?

A

Nerve PLEXH of enteric nervous system contained in gut wall

34
Q

What drains to the cisterna chyli?

A

Intestinal lymphatic trunk

Lumbar lymphatic trunk

35
Q

Where is the Myenteric (Auerbach’s) plexus located?

What is the function?

A

Between outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle layers

Motility

36
Q

Where is Meissner’s plexus located?

Function?

A

Submucosal

Secretions, blood flow, absorption

37
Q

What causes Hirschsprung Disease?

Results in absence of what?
What kind of autonomics are missing?
Where does it occur?

A

Failure of neural crest cells to migrate

No Myenteric Plexus
No PS, therefore gut cannot relax
Occurs in recto sigmoid junction

38
Q

What is Chagas’ disease?

Result?

A

T. Cruzi destroys the ANS, mainly Myenteric plexus

Mega colon

39
Q

What do GVA pain fibers follow?

A

Sympathetics

40
Q

What are PS GVA fibers for?

A

Visceral (stretch) reflexes

41
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta begin?

Where does it enter the abdomen?

A

T12

Aortic hiatus formed by L and R crus of the diaphragm

COM - GI Midterm (11 decks)

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