Blood and Heart Flashcards
A person with an extremely high count of neutrophils is likely suffering ________.
Select one:
a. a bacterial infection
b. polycythemia
c. anemia
d. a viral infection
a. a bacterial infection
A person exhibiting suppression of immunity and clotting disorder as well as low oxygen-carrying capacity is likely suffering from which of the following?
Select one:
a. iron deficiency anemia
b. aplastic anemia
c. pernicious anemia
d. hemorrhagic anemia
b. aplastic anemia
Which body activity would be most affected if a patient lacked an adequate number of erythrocytes (anemia)?
Select one:
a. clotting
b. immune response
c. hormone transport
d. oxygen transport
d. oxygen transport
Which blood component primarily contributes to plasma osmotic pressure?
Select one:
a. electrolytes
b. albumin
c. gamma globulin
d. blood borne nutrients
b. albumin
Loss of fibrinogen within the plasma would most likely cause which of the following?
Select one:
a. fever with pain
b. pallor (pale skin)
c. edema (swelling)
d. loss of blood clotting
d. loss of blood clotting
A patient’s hematocrit shows an unusually large buffy coat. What is a likely cause for this?
Select one:
a. severe infection
b. anemia
c. lipidemia
d. thrombocytopenia
a. severe infection
With a patient that is administered an injection of erythropoietin (EPO) you would expect to see ________.
Select one:
a. decreased white blood cell count
b. increased white blood cell count
c. decreased hematocrit
d. increased hematocrit
d. increased hematocrit
With a patient who is administered an injection of colony stimulating factor (CSF), you would expect to see ________.
Select one:
a. decreased white blood cell count
b. increased white blood cell count
c. decreased red blood cell count
d. increased red blood cell count
b. increased white blood cell count
Higher viscosity of blood will increase the amount of stress placed on the heart while it is pumping. Viscosity of blood is highest when ________.
Select one:
a. hemoglobin levels are lowest
b. hematocrit is highest
c. HbA1C levels are lowest
d. plasma levels are highest
b. hematocrit is highest
Which of the following would you expect to have the least effect on hematocrit percentage?
Select one:
a. living at higher altitude
b. injection with erythropoietin (EPO)
c. prolonged or excessive fever
d. dehydration
c. prolonged or excessive fever
People that have a single allele (gene copy) for sickle cell anemia are typically not sick from the disease and are said to be carriers of sickle cell trait. These people will more often live in the malaria belt of sub-Saharan Africa. The most likely explanation for this is ________.
Select one:
a. malaria is a cause of sickle cell trait
b. the tropical climate attracts people with sickle cell trait
c. people with sickle cell trait have a better chance of surviving malaria
d. sickle cell trait is passed on to the biting mosquitoes as malaria
c. people with sickle cell trait have a better chance of surviving malaria
Lipids (either nutrients or hormones) are insoluble in water but are found traveling in the plasma of the blood. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this?
Select one:
a. enzymes in the plasma convert lipids to soluble forms
b. lipids are carried in plasma bound to soluble plasma transport proteins
c. lipids are carried only in the lymph which is primarily composed of unsaturated fats
d. lipids are carried inside blood cells
b. lipids are carried in plasma bound to soluble plasma transport proteins
A mismatch of blood types during a transfusion is dangerous because ________.
Select one:
a. antibodies in the donor’s plasma will attack and kill the recipient’s healthy blood cells
b. clotting factors in the donor’s blood will cause unwanted clots known as thrombus
c. preformed antibodies in the recipient’s blood will bind and clump (agglutinate) the donated cells
d. white blood cells from the donor’s blood cause inflammation
c. preformed antibodies in the recipient’s blood will bind and clump (agglutinate) the donated cells
Which two factors below make rapid and substantial blood loss life threatening?
Select one:
a. loss of immunity and loss of carbon dioxide carrying capacity
b. loss of clotting ability and loss of osmotic pressure
c. loss of blood pressure and loss of oxygen carrying capacity
d. loss of immunity and loss of blood pressure
c. loss of blood pressure and loss of oxygen carrying capacity
What is the average normal pH range of blood?
Select one:
a. 8.35-8.45
b. 7.75-7.85
c. 7.35-7.45
d. 4.65-4.75
c. 7.35-7.45
Which blood type is generally called the universal donor?
Select one:
a. A positive
b. B negative
c. AB positive
d. O negative
d. O negative
Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?
Select one:
a. hypoxia of EPO-producing cells
b. decreased tissue demand for oxygen
c. an increased number of RBCs
d. moving to a lower altitude
a. hypoxia of EPO-producing cells
Replacing lost blood volume with an isotonic saline solution ________.
Select one:
a. restores the oxygen-carrying capacity of the circulation
b. restores the patient’s blood glucose levels
c. lowers the patient’s blood volume
d. lowers the patient’s hematocrit
d. lowers the patient’s hematocrit
Blood doping refers to the practice of ________ before an athletic event.
Select one:
a. training at high altitude to increase red blood cell production
b. injecting performance-enhancing steroids into the blood
c. removing, storing, and re-injecting a person’s red blood cells
d. injecting high amounts of oxygen into the blood stream
c. removing, storing, and re-injecting a person’s red blood cells
The cells responsible for producing platelets are called ________.
Select one:
a. megakaryocytes
b. myeloblasts
c. monoblasts
d. lymphoid stem cells
a. megakaryocytes
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production?
Select one:
a. kidney
b. brain
c. liver
d. pancreas
a. kidney
Normal heart sounds are caused by which of the following events?
Select one:
a. excitation of the sinoatrial (SA) node
b. closure of the heart valves
c. friction of blood against the chamber walls
d. opening of the heart valves
b. closure of the heart valves
During the isovolumetric relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle, _______.
Select one:
a. atrioventricular, aortic, and pulmonary valves are closed
b. atrioventricular valves are closed; aortic and pulmonary valves are open
c. atrioventricular valves are open; aortic and pulmonary valves are closed
d. atrioventricular, aortic, and pulmonary valves are open
a. atrioventricular, aortic, and pulmonary valves are closed
Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes ________.
Select one:
a. a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output
b. a rise in blood pressure due to change in cardiac output
c. no change in blood pressure but a slower heart rate
d. no change in blood pressure but a change in respiration
a. a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output