Blood (Additional Flashcards)
What is the isotonic range?
280-296 milliosmoles
How much NaCl is needed to be in an isotonic solution?
.9%
How much glucose is needed to be in an isotonic solution?
5%
What is the normal level of triglycerides found in the blood?
Less than 150mg/dl
What should the plasma levels be for phospholipids?
160-300mg/dl
What is the normal level of cholesterol in the blood?
Less than 180mg/dl
What should the level of LDLs be?
Less than 100mg/dl
What level should LDL be for higher risk patients?
Less than 70mg/dl
What should the level of HDL be?
Higher than 30mg/dl
What is the range for HDL levels?
30-80mg/dl
What levels of HDL could be helpful for heart disease?
Anything over 60mg/dl
What are the normal levels of glucose?
70-110 mg/dl
What is the normal level of RBCs in females?
4.5 million/ul
What is the normal level of RBCs in males?
5.5 million/ul
How many molecules of hemoglobin are there per RBC?
280 million molecules
How much hemoglobin is found in females?
12-18 g/dl
How much hemoglobin is found in males?
13-18 g/dl
What is biliverdin?
- Green Pigment
- Found when Iron is removed
What is bilirubin?
- Yellowish pigment
- Made when hemoglobin is degraded by macrophages
What is urobililinogen?
By-product from bile degradation of bilirubin
What is stercobilin?
Pigment from urobililnogen
Turns feces brown
What is Jaundice?
- Yellowing of skin & whites of eyes
- This is due to the build-up of bilirubin due to liver disease
What is oxyhemoglobin?
Hemoglobin bound to O2
What is deoxyhemoglobin?
Hemoglobin without O2
What is carbaminohemoglobin?
Hemoglobin binds to CO2
What is Carboxyhemoglobin?
Hemoglobin binds to carbon monoxide
What is a female’s hematocrit?
42%
What is a male’s hematocrit?
47%
How many RBCs do you make per second?
8-16 million
When does the yolk sac in the embryo start making RBCs?
3-7 Weeks during gestation
