Block 7: Body Systems, Integumentary, MS, Nervous, Circ Flashcards
Brain
An organ of soft nervous tissue contained in the skull of vertebrates, functioning as the coordinating center of sensation and intellectual and nervous activity.
Blindness
The state or condition of being unable to see because of injury, disease, or a congenital condition.
Cataracts
A medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
The part of the nervous system which consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system.
Deafness
The condition of lacking the power of hearing or having impaired hearing.
Epilepsy
A neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Glaucoma
A condition of increased pressure within the eyeball, causing gradual loss of sight.
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on one side of the body.
Multiple Sclerosis
A chronic, typically progressive disease involving damage to the sheaths of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord; symptoms include numbness, impairment of speech and of muscular coordination, blurred vision, and severe fatigue.
Nerves
(In the body) A whitish fiber or bundle of fibers that transmits impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs.
Paraplegia
Loss of function of lower body and legs.
Quadriplegia
The loss of function of the legs, trunk, and arms.
Spinal Cord
The cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and associated tissue that is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.
Spinal Cord Injury
Is damage to the spinal cord that causes changes in its function, either temporary or permanent.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Is an insult to the brain from an external mechanical force, possibly leading to permanent or temporary impairment of cognitive, physical, and psychosocial functions.
Vertigo
A sensation of whirling and loss of balance, associated particularly with looking down from a great height, or caused by disease affecting the inner ear or the vestibular nerve; giddiness.
Anemia
A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness.
Artery
Any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.
Blood Clot
A semi-solid mass of coagulated red and white blood cells (thrombus).
Capillary
Any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
Cardiac
Relating to the heart.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Heart failure in which the heart is unable to maintain adequate circulation of blood in the tissues of the body or to pump out the venous blood returned to it by the venous circulation.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Impedance or blockage of one or more arteries that supply blood to the heart, usually due to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).
Cyanosis
A bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood.
Pacemaker
An artificial device for stimulating the heart muscle and regulating its contractions.
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)
Poor blood circulation in the legs, feet, arms, or hands caused by atherosclerosis.
Veins
Any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart.
Decubitus
Relating to an ulcer/sore; a difficult-to-heal (and possibly fatal) sore that forms when part of the body presses against a surface for a long period of time, cutting off the oxygen supply to the tissues.
Epidermis
The outer layer of cells covering an organism, in particular.
Inflammation
The body’s immunological defense against injury, infection, or allergy often causing redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function.
Integumentary
The body system that includes the skin and its glands, the hair, and the nails and acts to protect the body from various kinds of damage, such as loss of water or abrasion from outside.
Rash
A temporary eruption of a group of lesions on the skin.
Scabies
A contagious skin disease marked by itching and small raised red spots, caused by the itch mite.
Hip Fracture
Broken bone in the hip, a key health problem among the elderly, usually due to a fall or other kind of trauma involving direct impact to the hip bone which has been weakened by osteoporosis.
Hip Replacement
Is a type of surgery that involves the removal of the damaged hip joint and surrounding cartilage and replacement with a prosthesis.
Joint
A structure in the human or animal body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together.
Knee Replacement
Is a surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability.
Ligament
A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.
Osteoporosis
A disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A chronic progressive auto-immune disease causing inflammation in the joints and resulting in painful deformity and immobility, especially in the fingers, wrist, feet, and ankles.
Arthritis
Inflammation of the joints.
Atrophy
The wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use.
Tendon
A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.
