Block 7: Body Systems, Integumentary, MS, Nervous, Circ

Question 1

Brain

Answer 1

An organ of soft nervous tissue contained in the skull of vertebrates, functioning as the coordinating center of sensation and intellectual and nervous activity.

Question 2

Blindness

Answer 2

The state or condition of being unable to see because of injury, disease, or a congenital condition.

Question 3

Cataracts

Answer 3

A medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision.

Question 4

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 4

The part of the nervous system which consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system.

Question 5

Deafness

Answer 5

The condition of lacking the power of hearing or having impaired hearing.

Question 6

Epilepsy

Answer 6

A neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

Question 7

Glaucoma

Answer 7

A condition of increased pressure within the eyeball, causing gradual loss of sight.

Question 8

Hemiplegia

Answer 8

Paralysis on one side of the body.

Question 9

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 9

A chronic, typically progressive disease involving damage to the sheaths of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord; symptoms include numbness, impairment of speech and of muscular coordination, blurred vision, and severe fatigue.

Question 10

Nerves

Answer 10

(In the body) A whitish fiber or bundle of fibers that transmits impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs.

Question 11

Paraplegia

Answer 11

Loss of function of lower body and legs.

Question 12

Quadriplegia

Answer 12

The loss of function of the legs, trunk, and arms.

Question 13

Spinal Cord

Answer 13

The cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and associated tissue that is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.

Question 14

Spinal Cord Injury

Answer 14

Is damage to the spinal cord that causes changes in its function, either temporary or permanent.

Question 15

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Answer 15

Is an insult to the brain from an external mechanical force, possibly leading to permanent or temporary impairment of cognitive, physical, and psychosocial functions.

Question 16

Vertigo

Answer 16

A sensation of whirling and loss of balance, associated particularly with looking down from a great height, or caused by disease affecting the inner ear or the vestibular nerve; giddiness.

Question 17

Anemia

Answer 17

A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness.

Question 18

Artery

Answer 18

Any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.

Question 19

Blood Clot

Answer 19

A semi-solid mass of coagulated red and white blood cells (thrombus).

Question 20

Capillary

Answer 20

Any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.

Question 21

Cardiac

Answer 21

Relating to the heart.

Question 22

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Answer 22

Heart failure in which the heart is unable to maintain adequate circulation of blood in the tissues of the body or to pump out the venous blood returned to it by the venous circulation.

Question 23

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Answer 23

Impedance or blockage of one or more arteries that supply blood to the heart, usually due to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).

Question 24

Cyanosis

Answer 24

A bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood.

Question 25

Pacemaker

Answer 25

An artificial device for stimulating the heart muscle and regulating its contractions.

Question 26

Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)

Answer 26

Poor blood circulation in the legs, feet, arms, or hands caused by atherosclerosis.

Question 27

Veins

Answer 27

Any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart.

Question 28

Decubitus

Answer 28

Relating to an ulcer/sore; a difficult-to-heal (and possibly fatal) sore that forms when part of the body presses against a surface for a long period of time, cutting off the oxygen supply to the tissues.

Question 29

Epidermis

Answer 29

The outer layer of cells covering an organism, in particular.

Question 30

Inflammation

Answer 30

The body’s immunological defense against injury, infection, or allergy often causing redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function.

Question 31

Integumentary

Answer 31

The body system that includes the skin and its glands, the hair, and the nails and acts to protect the body from various kinds of damage, such as loss of water or abrasion from outside.

Question 32

Rash

Answer 32

A temporary eruption of a group of lesions on the skin.

Question 33

Scabies

Answer 33

A contagious skin disease marked by itching and small raised red spots, caused by the itch mite.

Question 34

Hip Fracture

Answer 34

Broken bone in the hip, a key health problem among the elderly, usually due to a fall or other kind of trauma involving direct impact to the hip bone which has been weakened by osteoporosis.

Question 35

Hip Replacement

Answer 35

Is a type of surgery that involves the removal of the damaged hip joint and surrounding cartilage and replacement with a prosthesis.

Question 36

Joint

Answer 36

A structure in the human or animal body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together.

Question 37

Knee Replacement

Answer 37

Is a surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability.

Question 38

Ligament

Answer 38

A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.

Question 39

Osteoporosis

Answer 39

A disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily.

Question 40

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 40

A chronic progressive auto-immune disease causing inflammation in the joints and resulting in painful deformity and immobility, especially in the fingers, wrist, feet, and ankles.

Question 41

Arthritis

Answer 41

Inflammation of the joints.

Question 42

Atrophy

Answer 42

The wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use.

Question 43

Tendon

Answer 43

A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.