Block 5 Flashcards
tropical sprue vs celiac sprue. how to tx Whipple?
blunt villi, crypt hyperplasia, whole small intest, B9/12 defic, steatorrhea vs +lymphocytes in lamina propria, only duo/prox small bowel affected; more prone to T cell lymphoma & small intest adenoca. ceftriaxone
labs for PUD. ZES
iron defic anemia, inc BUN/Cr. gastrinoma of duo/panc -> ulcers duo/jeju, thick gastric folds; dx pos secretin test -> inc gastrin, assoc w/ MEN1; tx octreo
ascending cholangitis: Charcot 3ad vs Reynolds 5ad. AIDS cholangiopathy. gallstone ileus
fever, RUQ pain, jaundice vs 3ad + AMS, sepsis; fatal from SBC (extrahep). recurrent bili tree infxn by Cryptosporidium > CMV -> bili tree obstruction. gallstone stuck in ileocecal valve -> erode -> cholecystoenteric fistula -> air in bili tree
which GI meds inc LDLR? eso atresia vs tracheoeso fistula
statin, bile acid resins, ezetimibe. pure = CXR gasless abd vs pure/H & distal/mixed = CXR prominent gas bubble; both sx choke/drool 1st feed, both dx can’t pass NGT
duo vs jeju/ileal atresia
fail to canalize -> 2x bubble vs disrupted SMA -> ischemic nec, 3x bubble
ventral vs dorsal panc duct. risk factors for panc vs panc adenoca. annular panc vs panc divisum
uncinate process, main panc duct, head vs head, body, tail, isthmus, accessory panc duct. alc, gallstones vs smoke, >65yo, chronic panc, cysts. ventral bud around 2nd duo vs asx, chronic abd pain, pancreatitis
underlying cause of 1o achalasia vs HIrschsprung
defective ganglion cells in myenteric/Auerbach plexus, no NO -> high LES pressure vs aganglion Meisner & Auerbach d/t fail neural crest mig
NSAID ulcers can cause what complication? biliary sludge. what pathogens cause gall ca?
bowel perforation 3ad: abd rigid, abd pain, tachy. gall hypomobility -> asx or biliary colic. S typhi
carcinoid tumor/syndrome
episodic wheeze, flush, diarrhea; RHF, pellagra. dx inc 5HT/5HIAA. tx surg, octreo, trp hydroxylase inhib
hep hemangioma vs focal nodular hyperplasia vs hep adenoma vs HCC vs hep angiosarcoma vs mets
aka cavernous hemang; no bx b/c risk hem, from vv malform vs hyperplastic rxn from aberrant dystrophic artery, central stellate scar, asx vs anabolic steroids, ocp; regress spont or rupture vs HB/CV, autoimmune, aflatox, fatty liver, HFE, Wilson, a1trypsin defic; leads to Budd Chiari; dx inc AFP, img vs endothel origin, vinyl Cl & Ar vs from GI, br, lung
cholecystitis progression
1) gallstones
2) outflow obstruct -> patchy nec
3) bact invasion -> brown stones b/c defect B-glucaronidase
details Goodpasture vs min change dz vs igA nephropathy vs FSGS vs pyelo
alv hem, up DLCO, crescents; linear IF vs no IF vs gran IF vs fused/effaced podo vs preg -> PTL, sepsis; tx piper/taz, ceft, FLQ
tx GERD vs diffuse eso spasm. Budd Chiari
Mg hydroxide -> AE diarrhea, HOTN, hyporeflex vs CCB. hep v thrombosis (not portal v) -> hepatomeg, nutmeg/mottled, hypercoag, zone 3
details HFE vs Wilson
AR, inc transferrin sat >45%, ferritin, intest absorption; dec hepcidin -> inc Fe transport; joint pain, sex dysfxn; tx phlebotomy, defoxime; 2o from transfusion vs AR, no bili excretion Cu; tx PCNamine or trientine -> Zn, liver transplant
fem triangle vs fem sheath. genetics of juvenile polyps vs Peutz vs FAP vs Lynch
NAV vs AVEL (deep inguinal LN). AD vs AD LOF STK11 vs AD APC -> inc Wnt in B-catenin path vs AD MMR
water over vs under the bridge. gastric adenoca has dec expression of?
ureters over iliacs, under ut a or vas. epith cadherin
duplex collecting system vs post urethral valves
bifid ureter -> UTI, VUR, hydronephrosis vs remnant prostatic urethra -> obstruction, hydronephrosis
