Block 4: Practice Exam #1 Flashcards
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the pelvic diaphragm?
A) It separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum.
B) It is pierced by the vagina in females.
C) It helps maintain urinary continence.
D) It helps maintain fecal continence.
E) It is synonymous with the levator ani.
It is synonymous with the levator ani
The levator ani:
A) is innervated by pelvic splanchnic nerves.
B) actively contracts during coughing.
C) causes increased urination when spastic.
D) is part of the urogenital diaphragm.
E) actively contracts during inspiration.
actively contracts during coughing
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to pelvic parasympathetic innervation?
A) It derives from spinal segments S2-4.
B) It stimulates rectal contraction for defecation.
C) It stimulates bladder contraction for urination.
D) It stimulates ejaculation.
E) The fibers are accompanied by visceral afferent fibers from pelvic viscera.
It stimulates bladder contraction for urination
Detrusor muscle contraction is stimulated by:
A) the superior hypogastric nerve.
B) lumbar splanchnic nerves.
C) pelvic splanchnic nerves.
D) internal pudendal nerve.
E) contractions of the levator ani.
pelvic splanchnic nerves
The trigone of the bladder:
A) forms the boundaries of the internal urethral orifice.
B) is a slight elevation of the internal posterior wall produced by the prostate.
C) is the internal area demarcated by the internal urethral and ureteric orifices.
D) is the extraperitoneal part of the external surface.
E) is synonymous with the apex.
is the internal area demarcated by the internal urethral and ureteric orifices
The vas deferens:
A) terminates by uniting with the duct of the seminal glands to form the ejaculatory
duct.
B) begins at the head of the testis.
C) is intraperitoneal.
D) is drained by lymph vessels destined for the deep inguinal nodes.
terminates by uniting with the duct of the seminal glands to form the ejaculatory
duct
A middle-aged male patient complains of a weak “stream” and nocturia. You believe the most likely cause to be:
A) a bladder infection.
B) a spinal cord lesion affecting his pelvic splanchnic nerves.
C) prostatic hypertrophy.
D) a ureteric calculi. (kidney stone)
E) an obstruction of his intramural (preprostatic) urethra.
prostatic hypertrophy
Hemorrhoids are:
A) enlarged anal lymph nodes.
B) infected anal sinuses.
C) varicosities in rectal/anal veins.
D) infected and enlarged anal mucus glands.
E) arteriovenous malformations in the anal mucosa.
varicosities in rectal/anal veins
The blood that results in penile erection is primarily derived from the:
A) posterior scrotal arteries.
B) deep arteries of the penis.
C) deep branches of the external pudendal arteries.
D) deep dorsal vein.
E) superficial dorsal veins.
deep arteries of the penis
Which of the following is not associated with male erection or ejaculation?
A) closure of the vesical (internal urethral) sphincter.
B) contraction of urethral smooth musculature.
C) contraction of bulbospongiosus.
D) parasympathetic impulses reaching the penis from
the prostatic nervous plexus.
E) contraction of the bladder
contraction of the bladder
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the female perineum?
A) The greater vestibular glands are typically palpable.
B) The bulbs of the vestibule (bulbospongiosum muscle) are composed of erectile
tissue.
C) The vestibule is the space enclosed by the labia minora.
D) The mons pubis is composed of skin covering fatty tissue.
The greater vestibular glands are typically palpable
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the ribs?
A) The first 7 are referred to as the true ribs.
B) Ribs 11 and 12 are typically “floating” (vertebral, free) ribs.
C) The tubercle of a typical rib attaches to the inferior articular facet of the corresponding vertebrae.
D) The head of a typical rib articulates with the bodies of two vertebrae.
E) The costal groove is associated with the intercostal vessels and nerve
The tubercle of a typical rib attaches to the inferior articular facet of the
corresponding vertebrae
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the internal thoracic (mammary) artery?
A) It helps supply the breast via its anterior intercostal branches.
B) It passes anterior to the clavicle.
C) It lies superficial to the slips of the transverse thoracic muscle.
D) It is in contact with the parietal pleura.
E) It terminates in the 6th intercostal space by becoming the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries.
It passes anterior to the clavicle
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the surface anatomy of the lungs?
A) Typically, the right lung has three lobes, and the left lung has two.
B) The lingula extends into and out of the costodiaphragmatic recess during
respiration.
C) Vascular and nervous structures enter each lung at its hilum.
D) The apex of each lung is in contact with the diaphragm.
E) The mediastinal surface of each lung is related to the heart and pericardium.
The apex of each lung is in contact with the diaphragm
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the innervation of the lung or any part of the pleura?
A) It receives both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers.
B) Cough reflex fibers (visceral afferents) accompany the vagus nerve.
C) Pain fibers supplied by intercostal nerves.
D) Pain can be referred to the shoulder.
E) Intrinsic smooth muscle is supplied by phrenic nerve
Intrinsic smooth muscle is supplied by phrenic nerve
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the anatomy of the lung and/or pleura?
A) The parietal pleural generally extends three ribs inferior to the lung.
B) The bifurcation of the trachea occurs approximately at the level of the sternal angle.
C) The right main bronchus is wider and more vertical than the left.
D) Each main bronchus supplies a lung.
E) The right lung has a horizontal fissure
The parietal pleural generally extends three ribs inferior to the lung
All of the following are true of the mediastinum except:
A) it consists primarily of hollow (air or liquid filled) visceral structures.
B) it contains the lungs.
C) it has relationships that change depending on whether the patient is in the upright or
supine position.
D) when widened inferiorly, it may indicate heart failure.
E) it contains lymph nodes.
it contains the lungs
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the pericardium?
A) It consists of visceral and parietal layers of serous pericardium, and the fibrous
pericardium.
B) The visceral and parietal layers of the serous pericardium are continuous around the
aorta and pulmonary trunk where they exit the heart.
C) It is mainly supplied with blood from the pericardiophrenic artery.
D) It has pain fibers that are conveyed by the intercostal nerves.
E) It encloses the terminal part of the inferior vena cava.
It has pain fibers that are conveyed by the intercostal nerves
The mitral valve:
A) is located between the right atrium and ventricle.
B) has cusps attached to pectinate muscles.
C) has three cusps.
D) is associated with a condition (mitral valve prolapse) in which blood regurgitates into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts.
E) is located posterior to the sternum at the level of the 2nd costal cartilage.
is associated with a condition (mitral valve prolapse) in which blood regurgitates into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts
Which of the following is not true of the SA node?
A) It is located at the junction of the superior vena cava and right atrium near the superior end of the sulcus terminalis.
B) It is the pacemaker of the heart.
C) It sends impulses directly to the interventricular bundle of subendocardial branches
(fibers).
D) It receives sympathetic impulses from the first five to six thoracic segments that
accelerate its basal rate.
E) It receives parasympathetic impulses from the vagus nerve that decrease its basal
rate.
It sends impulses directly to the interventricular bundle of subendocardial branches
(fibers).
Which of the following is not true of the right vagus nerve?
A) It passes anterior to the right subclavian artery.
B) It gives rise to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve.
C) It passes posterior to the root of the right lung.
D) It gives a branch to the right pulmonary plexus.
E) It gives rise to a branch that supplies sensory innervation to the diaphragm.
It gives rise to a branch that supplies sensory innervation to the diaphragm
Which of the following is not true of the left phrenic nerve?
A) It traverses the superior mediastinum between left subclavian and common carotid
arteries.
B) It crosses anterior to the arch of the aorta.
C) It passes posterior to the root of the left lung.
D) It supplies motor fibers to the diaphragm.
E) It pierces the diaphragm.
It passes posterior to the root of the left lung
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the thoracic sympathetic trunk?
A) It is in continuity with the cervical and lumbar sympathetic trunks.
B) It lies against the heads of the ribs in the superior part of the thorax.
C) It only supplies postganglionic sympathetic fibers to thoracic viscera.
D) It gives rise to the greater, lesser, and least splanchnic nerves.
E) It has white and gray rami at each level
It only supplies postganglionic sympathetic fibers to thoracic viscera
A former construction worker who remodeled old buildings that contained asbestos insulation is found to have a malignancy growing from the visceral pleura of the lingula. In which of the following lung lobes is the tumor located?
A) right middle
B) left upper
C) right lower
D) right upper
E) left lower
left upper
