Block 3 (Part 2)

Question 1

Social Cognition

Answer 1

the study of how people think about the social world

Question 2

Schema

Answer 2

a mental model or representation that organizes the important information about a thing, person, or event, also known as a script

Question 3

Heuristics

Answer 3

a mental shortcut or rule of thumb that reduces complex mental problems to more simple rule-based decisions

Question 4

Representativeness Heuristic

Answer 4

a heuristic in which the likelihood of an object belonging to a category is evaluated based on the extent to which the object appears similar to one’s mental representation of the category

Question 5

Availability Heuristic

Answer 5

a heuristic in which the frequency or likelihood of an event is evaluated based on how easily instances of it come to mind

Question 6

Planning Fallacy

Answer 6

a cognitive bias in which one underestimates how long it will take to complete a task

Question 7

Affective Forecasting

Answer 7

predicting how one will feel in the future after some event or decision

Question 8

Impact Bias

Answer 8

a bias in effective forecasting in which one overestimates the strength or intensity of emotion one will experience after some event

Question 9

Durability Bias

Answer 9

a bias in affective forecasting in which one overestimates for how long one will feel an emotion (positive or negative) after some event

Question 10

Hot Cognition

Answer 10

the mental processes that are influenced by desires and feelings

Question 11

Directional Goals

Answer 11

the motivation to reach a particular outcome or judgement

Question 12

Motivated Skepticism

Answer 12

a form of bias that can result from having a directional goal in which one is skeptical of evidence despite its strength because it goes against what one wants to believe

Question 13

Need for Closure

Answer 13

the desire to some to a decision that will resolve ambiguity and conclude an issue

Question 14

Mood-Congruent Memory

Answer 14

the tendency to be better able to recall memories that have a mood similar to our current mood

Question 15

Automatic

Answer 15

a behavior or process has one or more of the following features: unintentional, uncontrollable, occurring outside of conscious awareness, and cognitively efficient

Question 16

Chameleon Effect

Answer 16

the tendency for individuals to unconsciously mimic the postures, mannerisms, facial expressions, and other behaviors or one’s interaction partners

Question 17

Primed

Answer 17

a process by which a concept or behavior is made more cognitively accessible or likely to occur through the presentation of an associated concept

Question 18

Stereotypes

Answer 18

our general beliefs about the traits or behaviors shared by a group of people

Question 19

Attitude

Answer 19

a psychological tendency that is expressed by evaluating a particular entity with some degree of favour or disfavour

Question 20

Explicit Attitude

Answer 20

an attitude that is consciously held and can be reported on by the person holding the attitude

Question 21

Implicit Attitude

Answer 21

an attitude that a person cannot verbally or overtly state

Question 22

Implicit Measures of Attitude

Answer 22

measures of attitudes in which researchers infer the participants attitude rather than having the participant explicitly report it

Question 23

Implicit Association Test

Answer 23

an implicit attitude task that assesses a person’s automatic associations between concepts by measuring the response times in pairing the concepts

Question 24

Evaluative Priming Task

Answer 24

an implicit attitude task that assesses the extent to which an attitude object is associated with a positive or negative valence by measuring the time it takes a person to label an adjective as good or bad after being presented with an attitude objects