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PHS 932 > Block 2 Lecture 5 -- Hypersensitivity and Immunodeficiency > Flashcards

Block 2 Lecture 5 -- Hypersensitivity and Immunodeficiency Flashcards

1
Q

What is the target Ag in autoimmune hemolytic anemia? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

erythrocyte membrane proteins (Rh)

– RBC opsonization

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2
Q

What is the target Ag in thrombocytopenic purpura? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

platelet membrane proteins

– platelet opsonization

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3
Q

What is the target Ag in pemphigus vulgaris? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

proteins in epidermal junctions

– Ab-mediated protease activation, adhesion disruption

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4
Q

What is the target Ag in Goodpasture’s syndrome? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

noncollagenous protein in kidney and lung

– complement- and Fc-mediated inflammation

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5
Q

What is the target Ag in acute rheumatic fever? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

Strep antigen

– inflammation and macrophage activation

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6
Q

What is the target Ag in myasthenia gravis? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

AchR

– inhibition of Ach binding

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7
Q

What is the target Ag in Graves’ disease? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

TSH receptor

– stimulation of TSH receptor

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8
Q

What is the target Ag in t2dm? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

insulin receptor

– insulin blockage

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9
Q

What is the target Ag in pernicious anemia? What is the mechanism of disease?

A

IF of gastric parietal cell

– dysfunctional IF

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10
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

A

hemolysis, anemia

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11
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of thrombocytopenic purpura?

A

bleeding

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12
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of pemphigus vulgaris?

A

skin vesicles (bullae)

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13
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of goodpasture’s syndrome?

A

nephritis, lung hemorrhage

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14
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of acute rheumatic fever?

A

myocarditis, arthritis

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15
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of myasthenia gravis?

A

weak muscles and paralysis

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16
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of Graves disease?

A

hyperthyroidism

17
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of insulin-resistant diabetes?

A

hyperglycemia

18
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of pernicious anemia?

A

abnormal erythropoiesis, anemia

19
Q

What is the target Ag in vasculitis caused by ANCA? What is the mechanism of disease? What is the clinical manifestation?

A

neutrophil granule proteins

    • neutrophil degranulation and inflammation
    • nephritis and lung hemorrhage
20
Q

What is the target Ag in SLE?

A

DNA, nucleoproteins

21
Q

What is the target Ag in polyarteritis nodosa?

A

HBV surface Ag

22
Q

What is the target Ag in post-strep glomerulonephritis?

A

Strep wall ag

23
Q

What is the target Ag in serum sickness?

A

various proteins…?

24
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of SLE?

A

nephritis, arthritis, vasculitis

25
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of polyarteritis nodosa?

A

vasculitis

26
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of post-strep glomerulonephritis

A

nephritis

27
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of serum sickness?

A

arthritis, vasculitis, nephritis

28
Q

How might hypersensitivity be caused?

A

1) autoimmunity
2) reactions to microbes
3) reactions against environmental antigen

29
Q

What is type I hypersensitivity?

A

Immediate, IgE-mediated

30
Q

What is Type II hypersensitivity?

A

Ab-mediated

– IgM + IgG against cell surface or extracellular matrix

31
Q

What is Type III hypersensitivity?

A

Immune complex-mediated

– circulating Abs and immune complexes of circulating Ags

32
Q

What is the result of type I hypersensitivity?

A

degranulation of mast cells and mediators

33
Q

What is the result of type II hypersensitivity?

A
    • opsonization
    • phagocytosis
    • complement
    • cell function abnormalities
34
Q

What is the result of type III hypersensitivity?

A
    • complement- and Fc-mediated leukocyte activation

- - clotting

35
Q

What is type IV hypersensitivity?

A

T-cell-mediated

delayed type IV or T-cell-mediated cytolysis

36
Q

What occurs in delayed type IV hypersensitivity?

A

CD4’s activate macrophages, secrete cytokines = inflammation

37
Q

What occurs in T-cell mediated cytolysis?

A

CD8’s kill directly, secrete cytokines = inflammation

38
Q

What diseases are due to type 4 delayed-type hypersensitivity?

A
    • t1dm
    • MS
    • RA
    • Crohn’s
    • skin contact sensitivity
39
Q

When does tissue damage begin in delayed-type hypersensitivity?

A

24-48 hours after initial response

damage due to products of macrophages

PHS 932 (23 decks)

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