Block 1 Lecture 1 and 2 -- The Immune System

Question 1

What are the 3 principles of innate immunity?

Answer 1

1) recognition (TLRs)
2) inflammation
3) anti-viral defense

Question 2

What are the 6 principles of adaptive immunity?

Answer 2

1) specificity
2) diversity
3) memory
4) contraction/homeostasis
5) clonal expansion
6) non-reactivity to self

Question 3

What is humoral immunity?

Answer 3

Ab-mediated for extra-cellular pathogen

• • bacteria, fungi
• • B lymphocytes

Question 4

What is cell-mediated immunity?

Answer 4

intracellular-pathogen destruction

• • MHC required
• • viruses, atypical bacteria

Question 5

What are the mechanisms of immunity?

Answer 5

1) neutralization/opsonization
2) phagocytosis
3) direct killing (CTLs)

Question 6

What are the plasma components of blood?

Answer 6

albumin
globulins
fibrinogen

Question 7

What is MALT?

Answer 7

a diffuse secondary immune tissue

Question 8

What happens to the thymus with age?

Answer 8

atrophy, increase in autoimmune disorders

Question 9

What cells develop in the bone marrow?

Answer 9

granulopoiesis, B cells

Question 10

Describe the lineage from HPSC

Answer 10

lymphoid progenitor or myeloid progenitor

Question 11

How do growth factors change during cellular development in the bone marrow?

Answer 11

highest concentration early on

cells downregulate receptors later on

Question 12

What are the secondary lymphoid organs?

Answer 12

1) spleen
2) lymph nodes
3) MALT, BALT, GALT

Question 13

How is IgA transported into mucosal tissue?

Answer 13

from base of intestinal crypts to lumen

Question 14

What are gamma-delta T cells?

Answer 14

first responders (major effector cells) to infection of epithelium
-- respond to atypical proteins on surface

Question 15

fx of spleen

Answer 15

filter blood
remove particulates
remove dead RBCs

Question 16

fx of spleen red pulp

Answer 16

remove RBCs

Question 17

fx of spleen white pulp

Answer 17

site of immune responses

Question 18

What happens in the cortex of lymph nodes?

Answer 18

B cell immunity

Question 19

What occurs in the paracortical area of lymph nodes

Answer 19

T cell immunity

Question 20

What occurs in the medulla of lymph nodes

Answer 20

removal of particulates by macrophages

Question 21

fx of secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 21

initial Ag uptake

coordination of adaptive immunity

Question 22

What is diffuse immune tissue?

Answer 22

tissue associated with mucosal epithelium

Question 23

What is encapsulated immune tissue?

Answer 23

primary or secondary lymphoid organs