Block 1 intro to the neurological exam Flashcards
How do you determine mental status?
Observation
Drowsy? Lethargic?
Correlates to the cortex
Ask recent events
What are the components of a neurological exam?
Mental status Cranial nerves Motor Sensory Reflexes Coordination Gait and station
MCM SR CG
How do you test language?
Serial 7s
What are you looking for neurologically on the fundoscopic exam?
Blurry disc margins
Loss of venous pulsations
Color of optic nerve head
What cranial nerves control what muscles?
III ocularmotor has all but two, MR, SR, IR, IO
IV trochlear has superior oblique (low of the eye)
VI abducens has lateral rectus
Moving the eye out is rectus,
Moving eye up/down in is oblique. Up is inferior, down is inferior
What is doll’s eyes a symptom of?
A coma, unresponsive
What is the dick’s hallpike maneuver for?
Dizziness, vertigo, abnormal nystagmus, coma
How do you address attention/concentration?
Spell world backwards
How do you assess a patients fund of knowledge?
Current presidents, recent events
How can you tell peripheral vs central facial weakness?
Forehead is spared in a central lesion (stroke)
What does an arm drift or pronator drift test?
Strength
Upper motor neuron weakness
Drifts downward of side opposite a stroke
What gait is typical in Parkinson’s patients ( basal ganglia)
Shuffling, stooped, multi step, fenestrating
What gait is typicalmof upper motor neuron damage?
Spastic movements
What is astasia-abasia?
Inability to either stand or walk normally
