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Neuro block 1 > Block 1 Cerebrum > Flashcards

Block 1 Cerebrum Flashcards

0
Q

Where is the “what” area of the brain?

A

Temporal/occipital lobe

Connects to a whole bunch of places
Hippocampus for memory
Amygdala for emotion

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1
Q

Where is the “where” area?

A

The parietal/ occipital lobe

Shape, form, texture, moving or not
Connects to prefrontal cortex to tell that events are occurring

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2
Q

Where is the “executive” region of the brain?

A

Frontal lobe

Responsible for initiating motor and behavioral responses to the information collected

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3
Q

What is the function of the precentral gyrus/anterior paracentral lobe (area 4)?

A

Primary motor cortex

Cell bodies here are termed upper motor neurons

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4
Q

What is area 4?

A

Primary motor cortex

Precentral gyrus/anterior paracentral lobule

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5
Q

Where are the frontal eye fields (voluntary eye movements)?

A

Caudal middle/superior frontal gyri

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6
Q

Where is the premotor area?

A

Anterior to motor cortex

Medical cortex anterior to primary motor

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7
Q

What is the function of the premotor area?

A

Motor programming or indirect motor movement control

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8
Q

What is the function of the supplementary motor area of the medial surface of the the motor cotex/precentral gyri and premotor area?

A

Motor movement, organizing/planning motor movements

Cortical micrurition control center (urination control)

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9
Q

What is the function of the prefrontal cortex?

A

Attention, motivation, planning, abstraction or problem solving, planned behavior, judgement, social skills, personality.

WORKING memory or short term memory (immediate)

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10
Q

Where is Broca’s area?

A

Left inferior frontal gyri

Area 44,45

LEFT side only

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11
Q

What is the function of Broca’s area?

A

Formulation of speech

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12
Q

What is the area of Broca’s area on the right?

A

Right inferior frontal gyrus

Language expression
Prosody of speech

Some injuries here have resulted in the failure to express discipline

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13
Q

What is the postcentral gyrus (area 3,2,1) do?

A

The primary somatosensory cortex

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14
Q

Where is the somatosensory association cortex?

A

Superior parietal lobe

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15
Q

What is the inferior parietal lobe?

A

Multimodal association cortex (integration)

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16
Q

Where are analytical skills processed?

A

LEFT posterior parietal lobe

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17
Q

Where is visuospatial orientation?

A

RIGHT Posterior parietal lobe

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18
Q

What is the general orientation for the hommunculi?

A

Medial to lateral and around:

Feet, legs, torso, hand, face, tongue

19
Q

What does the calcarine cortex, area 17, do?

On the back of the occipital lobe

A

Primary visual cortex

20
Q

What is the function of the lateral, medial, and inferior occipital gyri?

A

Visual association cortex

Color, motion, depth

21
Q

What is the function of the lateral occipital gyri?

A

Involuntary cortical eye fields

Scanning movements

22
Q

Where is the primary auditory cortex?

A

The transverse temporal gyri

Heschl’s convolutions

23
Q

What area controls the auditory association language and comorehension?

A

Wernicke’s area

On the superior temporal gyrus

24
Q

Where is the insula?

A

Underneath the primary auditory cortex and wernicke’s area

25
Q

What does the hippocampus do?

A

Long term memory

26
Q

What does the temporal lobe do?

A

Long term memory

27
Q

What is the limbic lobe composed of?

A

Hippocampal formation
Septal or subcallosal area
Parahypocampal formation
Isthmus of the cingulate gyrus

28
Q

What does the anterior love of the limbic lobe do?

A

Emotional behavior and homeostasis

29
Q

What does the posterior part of the limbic lobe do?

A

Learning, memory, and consolidation of memory

30
Q

Where is the primary olfactory cortex?

A

Rostal parahipocampal region, uncus, temporal pole, limen insulate

31
Q

What is the function of the insular cortex?

A

Visceral functions (smell, taste, pain)

Integrates visceral function

32
Q

Where are the afferent and efferent fibers?

A

The internal capsule

33
Q

What kind of cell is in the cortex?

A

Pyramidal neurons

34
Q

What does the pyramidal motor system constitute?

A

Upper motor neurons

35
Q

What do the anterior limb and genu of the internal capsule contain?

A

Thalamiccortical/corticothalamic nerve fibers

36
Q

What are the three portions of the posterior limb of the internal capsule?

A

Lenticulothalamic portion
Retrolenticular portion
Sublenticular portion

37
Q

What arteries penetrate the internal capsule?

A

Anterolateral arteries from the middle cerebral arteries

38
Q

What does the middle cerebral artery supply and where does it come from and go?

A

The internal capsule

It is from the internal carotid artery and branches off into the anterolateral arteries

39
Q

What is Anosognosia?

A

A loss of disease awareness

Usually involving the right parietal lobe

40
Q

What is prosopagnosia?

A

Face blindness, cannot recognize faces

Usually lesion in the underside of the occipital lobe

41
Q

What is Apraxia?

A

The inability to carry out a motor action in response to a verbal request

Usually associated with dominant left hemisphere

42
Q

What is Aphasia?

A

A defect in language processing caused by brain lesions

43
Q

What is expressive aphasia?

A

Broca’s aphasia

Problem with formation of speech

44
Q

What is receptive aphasia?

A

Wernicke’s aphasia or fluent aphasia

Cannot recognize or comprehend the meaning or words “word deafness”

Neuro block 1 (19 decks)

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