Bladder cancer Flashcards
1
Q
Location
A
Most occur in the trigone
2
Q
Who gets it
A
Men
Hx dye/chemical exposure (TCC)
Smoking (TCC)
Background chronic inflammation (SCC)
3
Q
Types
A
Transition cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
4
Q
TCC / SCC is most common?
A
TCC
5
Q
Types - TCC
A
Papillary - low grade
Non-papillary - high grade
6
Q
Types - SCC
A
Less common
7
Q
Clinical features
A
Frank painless haematuria
8
Q
Investigations
A
Flexible cystoscopy
CT urogram
TURBT
Angiography
9
Q
Management
A
Transurethral resection
10
Q
Management - low risk
A
Frequent check ups
11
Q
Management - high risk
A
Chemotherapy slows progression
BCG vaccine helps reduce recurrence
12
Q
Management in a patient not fit for surgery
A
External beam radiotherapy
13
Q
Prognosis
A
50% patients have recurrence
