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Anatomy III > Blackcloud Body Wall and Thorax p.65-78 > Flashcards

Blackcloud Body Wall and Thorax p.65-78 Flashcards

1
Q

only structures that are ____ are dependable in location

A

retroperitoneal

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2
Q

the pancreas is secondarily retroperitoneal except ____, which is intraperitoneal, within the splenorenal ligament

A

the tail

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3
Q

stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum proximal to bile duct

A

foregut derivatives

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4
Q

distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending and tranverse (proximal 2/3) colon

A

midgut derivatives

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5
Q

midgut derivatives are supplied by

A

SMA (origin L1)

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6
Q

tranverse colon (distal 1/3), descending and sigmoid colon, rectum, superior canal, epithelium of bladder and urethra

A

hindgut derivatives

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7
Q

hindgut derivatives supplied by

A

IMA (origin L3)

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8
Q

an ileal diverticulum (yolk sac persistence) in 2% of population in antimesenteric border of iluem

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

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9
Q

a primarily retroperitoneal structure is ____ to a secondarily retroperitoneal structure

A

always posterior

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10
Q

primarily retroperitoneal organs drain

A

directly into IVC

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11
Q

formed by end-to-end anastomoses of ileocolic, right colic, mid colic, left colic, and sigmoidal arteries

A

marginal artery

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12
Q

closely related to pigmented skin of scrotum

A

dartos fascia

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13
Q

responsible for rugose appearance of scrotum

A

Fat-free fascia layer including dartos muscle

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14
Q

posterior scrotal branches of perineal, anterior scrotal branches of deep external pudendal

A

supply to scrotum

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15
Q

perineal artery is branch of

A

internal pudendal

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16
Q

deep external pudenal artery is branch of

A

femoral

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17
Q

cremasteric artery is branch of

A

inferior epigastric

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18
Q

drains scrotum

A

scrotal veins

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19
Q

lymphatics in scrotum

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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20
Q

genital branches, anterior and posterior scrotal nerves, perineal branches

A

innervation to scrotum

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21
Q

anterior scrotal nerves are branches of

A

Ilio-inguinal nerve (L1)

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22
Q

posterior scrotal nerves are branches of

A

perineal (from pudendal, S2-S4)

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23
Q

genital nerve branch is branch of

A

genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2)

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24
Q

perineal nerve branch is branch of

A

posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (S2-S3)

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25
Q

internal spermatic fascia origin

A

transversalis fascia

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26
Q

cremasteric fascia origin

A

internal oblique fascia

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27
Q

cremaster muscle origin

A

internal oblique muscle

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28
Q

external spermatic fascia origin

A

external oblique fascia

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29
Q

formed within testes, stored in epididymis, external to abdomen

A

sperm

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30
Q

runs through inguinal canal to enter abdominal and pelvic cavities

A

ductus deferens

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31
Q

where sperm enter the urethra

A

prostate gland

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32
Q

the surface of the testis is smooth because

A

covered by visceral layer of tunica vaginalis

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33
Q

epididymis consists of head, body and tail, all continuous with

A

ductus deferens

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34
Q

inguinal canal contents in males

A

spermatic cord

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35
Q

inguinal canal contents in females

A

round ligament

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36
Q

apo of external obliques, fibers from internal obliques

A

anterior wall of inguinal canal

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37
Q

transversalis fascia, conjoined tendon from internal oblique and transversus abdominis apo

A

posterior wall of inguinal canal

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38
Q

inguinal ligament and lacunar ligament (attaches inguinal ligament to pectineaus muscle)

A

floor of inguinal canal

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39
Q

arching fibers from internal oblique and transversus muscles

A

roof of inguinal canal

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40
Q

internal entrance to inguinal canal, evagination of transversalis fascia

A

deep (internal) ring

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41
Q

exit from inguinal canal, slit-like opening between diagonal fibers of aponeurosis of external oblique

A

superficial (external) ring

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42
Q

inguinal canal, femoral ring, umbilicus and linea alba

A

regions prone to hernias

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43
Q

most common hernias

A

Inguinal (14% of men, 2% of women)

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44
Q

hernias exclusive to women

A

femoral and umbilical

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45
Q

necrosis of bowel and fecal obstruction

A

if bowel is trapped in hernia sac

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46
Q

section of bowel enters spermatic cord, passes through inguinal canal, and can enter scrotum

A

indirect hernia

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47
Q

result of patent process vaginalis in young males

A

indirect hernia

48
Q

gut pushes through abdominal wall into media 1/3 of inguinal canal, does not enter spermatic tube or scrotum

A

direct hernia

49
Q

occurs in males over 40

A

direct hernia

50
Q

in all cases, the hernia sac is covered in

A

parietal peritoneum

51
Q

bounded by inferior epigastric vessels, rectus abdominus, and inguinal ligament

A

inguinal (Hesselbach’s triangle)

52
Q

inguinal canal contents in both sexes

A

blood and lympathic vessels, ilio-inguinal nerve

53
Q

internal pudendal artery and vein, pudendal nerve enter perineum via

A

lesser sciatic foramen

54
Q

internal pudendal artery and vein, pudendal nerve travel in ____ with ____.

A

pudendal canal, fascia of obturator internus

55
Q

space formed by sacrotuberous ligament (vertical), sacrospinous ligament (horizantal) between sacrum and ishial spine

A

lesser sciatic foramen

56
Q

originates in sacral plexus, ventral rami of S2-S4, exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen, enters perineum via lesser sciatic foramen

A

pudendal nerve

57
Q

inferior rectal, deep and superficial perineal, dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris, posterior scrotal/labial nerves

A

branches of pudendal

58
Q

innervate skin and external anal sphincter

A

inferior rectal nerves

59
Q

innervate muscles of the perineum, continues as dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

A

deep perineal nerve

60
Q

continues into posterior scrotal/labial nerves (to skin)

A

superficial perineal nerves

61
Q

folds of skin extending from anterior to posterior boundaries of urogenital triangle. Has hair laterally.

A

labia majora

62
Q

thin folds of hairless skin media to labia majora

A

labia minora

63
Q

visible erectile body at anterior end of labia minor

A

glans of clitoris

64
Q

covers the remainder of clitoris

65
Q

medial to labia minor, contains vaginal orifice and external urethral orifice

A

vaginal vestibule

66
Q

formed by buld and crura of penis within urogential triangle

A

root of penis

67
Q

expansion at head of penis

A

glans (head)

68
Q

portion of penis between root and glans

69
Q

ridge that distinguishes body from glans

A

corona of the glans

70
Q

double layer of skin covering the glans

A

prepuce (foreskin)

71
Q

labia majora homolog

72
Q

labia minora homolog

A

spongy urethra

73
Q

external pudendal branches of femoral, labial branches of internal pudendal vessels

A

blood to labia majora

74
Q

perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

A

nerves to labia majora and minora

75
Q

labial vessels and dorsal vessels of clitoris (terminal branches of pudendeal)

A

blood to labia minora

76
Q

ischium and inferior part of obturator internus (covered in fascia)

A

lateral border of ischioanal fossa

77
Q

external anal sphincter and levator ani

A

medial border of ischioanal foss

78
Q

sacrotuberous ligament and gluteus maximus

A

posterior border of ischioanal fossa

79
Q

pubic bone

A

anterior border of ischioanal fossa

80
Q

inferior rectal artery (from internal pudendal), inferor rectal nerve (from pudendal), and via pudendal canal: internal pudendal artery (from internal iliac artery) and pudendal nerve. And FAT.

A

contents of ischioanal fossa

81
Q

large voluntary sphincter forming broad band on either side of inferior 2/3 of anal canal

A

external anal sphincter

82
Q

nerve to external anal sphincter

A

S4 through inferior rectal nerve

83
Q

fiber direction of external anal sphincter

A

circumferential around anal canal, perpendicular to levator ani

84
Q

potential space between membranous layer of subcutaneous tissue and perineal membrane, bound laterally by ischiopubic rami

A

superficial perineal pouch

85
Q

deep membranous layer of perineal fascia

A

colles fascia

86
Q

colles fascia and perineal membrane

A

boundaries of superficial perineal pouch

87
Q

bulbs and crura and surrounding skeletal muscle, superficial tranverse perineal and bulbospingiosis muscle

A

contents of superficial perineal pouch, both sexes

88
Q

clitoris, greater vestibular glands

A

contents of superficial perineal pouch, females only

89
Q

urethra (proximal part of spongy urethra)

A

contents of superficial perineal pounch, males only

90
Q

where male erectile tissue is found

A

crura and bulb of penis

91
Q

where female erectile tissue is found

A

clitoris and corpora cavernosa

92
Q

vessels and nerves of superficial perineal pouch

A

deep perineal vessels and nerves

93
Q

veins draining penis (corpora cavernosa)

A

venous plexus that becomes deep dorsal vein of penis, enters prostatic venous plexus

94
Q

veins draining penis (superficial coverings)

A

superficial dorsal vein, ends in superficial external pudendal vein

95
Q

veins draining clitoris

A

deep dorsal veins of clitoris, to vesical plexus

96
Q

Point and Shoot

A

parasympathetic erections, sympathetic ejaculation

97
Q

sympathetic innervation of trigon and internal urethral sphincter prevent

A

semen from entering the bladder

98
Q

perineal membrane, inferior fascia of levator ani, fascia of obturator internus

A

boundaries of deep perineal pouch

99
Q

urethra (just intermediate portion in males), deep transverse perineal muscles, external urethral sphincter, anterior recess of ischioanal foassa, vessels and nerves to clitoris/penis

A

contents of deep perineal pouch

100
Q

deep perineal contents, male specific

A

bulbourethral gland

101
Q

pierced by urethra, vagina, and branches of the pudendal neurovascular bundle

A

perineal membrane

102
Q

rupture of intermediate urethra will result in accumulation in

A

deep perineal pouch, leaks from there through urogenital hiatus in levator ani

103
Q

presynaptic autonomic neurons supplying perineum are located

A

spinal cord. Upper lumbar (sympathetic) and sacral (parasympathetic)

104
Q

located within deep perineal pouch, but ducts empty into spongy urethra (superficial pouch)

A

bulbourethral gland

105
Q

located on each side of vestibule, posterolateral to vaginal orifice, secrete mucous into the vestibule during arousal

A

greater vestibular glands

106
Q

lymphatic drainage of the perineum is almost entirely to

A

nodes in the inguinal region

107
Q

divides pelvis into false (greater) and true (lesser)

A

pelvic brim

108
Q

contains some abdominal viscera, such as sigmoid colon and some loops of ileum

A

false pelvis

109
Q

contains pelvic viscera: bladder and reproductive organs

A

true pelvis

110
Q

covered over much of their surface by parietal peritoneum, and considered intraperotineal because they have mesenteries

A

uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries

111
Q

pouch where parietal perotineum reflects from uterus onto bladder

A

vesicoutertine pouch

112
Q

pouch where parietal perotineum reflects from uterus onto rectum

A

recouteruine pouch

113
Q

most of the vagina and cervix of the uterus are

A

subperitoneal

114
Q

internal male genitalia are

A

subperitoneal

115
Q

pouch where parietal perotineum reflects from bladder onto rectum (males)

A

rectovesical pouch

Anatomy III (7 decks)

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