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Anatomy III > Blackcloud Body Wall and Thorax p.18-40 > Flashcards

Blackcloud Body Wall and Thorax p.18-40 Flashcards

1
Q

drains lung tissue and visceral pleura into the bronchopulmonary (hilar) lymph nodes

A

superficial lymphatic plexus

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2
Q

drains structures that form the root of the lung into the pulmonary lymph nodes along the lobar bronchi

A

deep lymphatic plexus

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3
Q

where is the superficial plexus located?

A

deep to the visceral pleura

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4
Q

where is the deep lymphatic plexus loacted?

A

in the submucosa of the bronchi and connective tissue

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5
Q

path of lymph from bronchopulmonary lymph nodes

A

s. and i. Tracheobronchial lymph nodes, to bronchomediastinal lymph trunks and out the right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct (left)

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6
Q

negative pressure in pleural cavity and surface tension between pleural levels causes

A

inhalation

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7
Q

diaphragm moves one vertebral level in

A

quiet respiration

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8
Q

diaphragm moves two levels in

A

full respiration

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9
Q

lesion to phrenic n. causes paralysis of dome you’d notice in

A

inspiration, not exhalation

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10
Q

why do the lungs enlarge, instead of the pleural cavity

A

surface tension of fluid between pleural layers causing them to stick together

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11
Q

muscles in deep inspiration or controlled exhalation

A

quadratus lumborum, intercostals, scalenes, serratus posterior superior, SCM

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12
Q

muscles in deep expiration

A

serratus posteior inferior, internal and innermost intercostals, transversus thoracis

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13
Q

anything that compromises the negative pressure in the pleural cavity, which can cause the lung to collapse.

A

pneumothorax

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14
Q

contents of posterior mediastinum

A

esophagus, esophageal plexus, descending aorta, thoracic duct

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15
Q

esophagus is ____ and to the ____ of the descending aorta

A

anterior, to the right

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16
Q

azygous system is ____ to the esophagus and ascending aorta

A

posterior

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17
Q

greater splanchnic nerve runs ____ from the sympathetic chain toward the posterior mediastinum, and ____ toward the diaphragm

A

anteriorly, inferiorly

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18
Q

blood supply to cervical esophagus

A

inferior thyroid artery (branch of thyrocervical trunk)

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19
Q

blood supply to thoracic esophagus

A

branches from descending thoracic aorta

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20
Q

blood supply to abdominal esophagus

A

left gastric artery

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21
Q

azygous system drains into

A

SVC

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22
Q

paired branches of descending aorta in order

A

bronchial arteries, mediastinal arteries, esophageal arteries, pericardial arteries, superior phrenic

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23
Q

emerge from the intervertebral foramina of thoracic vertebra and run in the intercostal space just inferior to a rib

A

intercostal nerves

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24
Q

carries lymph from lower body, left upper limb, left thorax, left head and neck

A

thoracic duct

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25
Q

thoracic duct is ____ the azygous vein and descending aorta, ____ the esophagus

A

between, posterior to

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26
Q

lymphatic drainage of the anterior intercostal spaces goes to

A

parasternal lymph nodes that drain to the subclavian veins

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27
Q

lymphatic drainage of the posterior intercostal spaces goes to

A

intercostal lymph nodes that drain to the thoracic duct

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28
Q

the thoracic duct drains into the venous system at the intersection of

A

the subclavian and internal jugular veins

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29
Q

Do the lungs break through the mesothelial lining of the pleural cavity?

A

No

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30
Q

Are the lungs within the pleural cavity?

A

No

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31
Q

narrowing aorta (defect in 10%) occurs in the region of

A

the ductus arteriosis

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32
Q

narrowing aorta causes what to appear in radiograph

A

notched ribs, from enlarged internal thoracic artery

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33
Q

dermatomes are ___ than nerve outlets.

A

lower

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34
Q

thickening at the edges of the cusps of the semilunar valves, which add stability

A

lunule

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35
Q

what contains chemoreceptors to detect low O2 and respond with increased heart rate and respiration

A

the carotid body

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36
Q

GSE innervation to heart?

A

there is none. No skeletal muscle

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37
Q

atelectasis

A

when obstruction prevents air from reaching a part of the lung

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38
Q

muscles that bend trunk to same side

A

external and internal obliques

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39
Q

muscles that rotate trunk to same side

A

transversus abdominis

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40
Q

muscles that flex trunk

A

rectus abdominis

41
Q

linea alba

A

where the aponeuroses of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis meet in the midline raphe

42
Q

rectus sheath above belly button

A

external oblique apo is anterior to rectus, transversus apo is posterior to rectus, internal oblique splits to go on both sides of rectus

43
Q

rectus sheath below belly button

A

all three muscles’ apos pass anterior to the rectus.

44
Q

blood supply to anterolateral abdominal wall

A

segmental lumbar arteries (from aorta) superior epigastric muscles (from internal thoracic), inferior epigastric (from external iliac)

45
Q

superior abdominal wall drains to

A

axillary or parasternal vessels

46
Q

posterior abdominal wall drains to

A

femoral region

47
Q

anterior abdominal wall veins drain

A

to IVC or ascending lumbar veins (from azygous system)

48
Q

left ascending lumbar vein becomes hemiazygous when

A

it passes through the diaphragm

49
Q

deep lymph: upper anterior abdominal wall

A

parasternal lymph nodes that drain to the subclavian veins

50
Q

deep lymph: inferior abdominal wall

A

deep inguinal lymph nodes

51
Q

lymphatics returning with lumbar veins drain into

A

lymphatic trunks on either side of the IVC

52
Q

fatty portion of superficial fascia inferior to umbilicus

A

Camper’s fascia

53
Q

underlying membranous layer of superficial fascia inferior to umbilicus, used for stapling in surgery

A

Scarpa’s fascia

54
Q

in midline, contains remnant of allantois, the embryoninc tube that connected urinary bladder to umbilicus

A

Median umbilical fold

55
Q

on either side of median umbilical fold, contains umbilical arteries.

A

Medial umbilical folds

56
Q

formed by underlying inferior epigastric artery and vein travelling laterally to umbilicus

A

Lateral umbilical folds

57
Q

connects diaphragmatic surface of liver to anterior abdomenal wall, divides liver into left and right lobes

A

falciform ligament

58
Q

where small intestine begins

A

pyloric sphincter

59
Q

right hypochondriac compartment contains

A

liver, gallbladder

60
Q

epigastric compartment contains

A

stomach, pancreas, duodenum

61
Q

left hypochondriac compartment contains

A

spleen, left colic flexure

62
Q

right lumbar compartment contains

A

right kidney, right ureter, ascending colon

63
Q

umbilical compartment contains

A

loops of small intestine, aorta, IVC

64
Q

left lumbar compartment contains

A

left kidney, left ureter, descending colon

65
Q

right iliac compartment contains

A

cecum, appendix

66
Q

hypogastric compartment contains

A

coils of small intestine, bladder, uterus

67
Q

left iliac compartment contains

A

sigmoid colon

68
Q

foregut derivatives are

A

liver, stomach, pancreas

69
Q

foregut derivatives are mostly superior to

A

the subcostal plane (L2)

70
Q

within the abdominal cavity, a potential space between parietal and visceral peritoneum

A

peritoneal cavity

71
Q

which organs are in the peritoneal cavity?

A

none of them

72
Q

what is the peritoneal cavity good for?

A

allows free movement of abdominal viscera, minimizes friction, resists infection

73
Q

space bound by abdominal wall, diaphragm and pelvis

A

abdominal cavity

74
Q

abdominal cavity is intraperitoneal because

A

it is lined with peritoneum

75
Q

omentum

A

double layered fold of peritoneum connecting the stomach with other organs

76
Q

lesser omentum

A

connects visceral surface of liver to stomach and duodenum

77
Q

lesser omentum is made up of

A

gastrohepatic and hepatoduodenal ligaments

78
Q

greater omentum

A

runs along greater curve of stomach, covers small and large intestines. 4 layers of peritoneum

79
Q

greater omentum is made up of

A

gastrocolic, gastrosplenic, gastrophrenic ligaments

80
Q

what three things are primarily retroperitoneal?

A

kidneys, aorta, IVC

81
Q

mesentary starts in the ____ plane, moves to the ____ plane

A

sagittal, coronal

82
Q

closed space posterior to stomach, can only be entered via omental foramen, surrounds posterior liver

A

lesser sac/omental bursa

83
Q

give off branches along lesser curve of stomach, anastomose with eachother

A

right and left gastric artery

84
Q

supply greater curve of stomach, anastomose with each other

A

right and left gastro-omental arteries

85
Q

supply body and tail of pancreas and spleen

A

splenic arteries

86
Q

supply head of pancreas and duodenum

A

superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

87
Q

connects liver to superior duodenum

A

hepatoduodenal ligment

88
Q

hepatoduodenal ligment contains

A

hepatic artery proper, hepatic portal vein, and common bile duct (portal triad) and hepatic nerve plexus

89
Q

connects liver to stomach, contains right and left gastric arteries

A

gastrohepatic ligament (lesser curve)

90
Q

right and left gastric veins drain to

A

hepatic portal vein

91
Q

short gastric veins and left gastro-omental veins drain to

A

splenic vein

92
Q

splenic vein joins superior mesenteric vein to form

A

hepatic portal vein

93
Q

right gastro-omnetal vein drains into

A

superior mesenteric vein

94
Q

folds of mucose inside stomach

A

rugae

95
Q

level of esophageal hiatus

A

T10

96
Q

level of pylorus

A

L1

97
Q

remnant of ventral mesentary attaching liver to anterior abdomical wall

A

falciform ligament

98
Q

separates the left and caudate lobes

A

gastrohepatic ligament

99
Q

runs in free ende of falciform ligament, is obliterated umbilical vein

A

round ligament

Anatomy III (7 decks)

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