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Anatomy III > Anatomy 3 Michigan > Flashcards

Anatomy 3 Michigan Flashcards

1
Q

lies against the lateral surface of the arch of the aorta

A

left vagus nerve

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2
Q

an especially important nerve from the vagus which loops around the aortic arch

A

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

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3
Q

lateral to the vagus nerves and are not looping near the aortic arch

A

left and right phrenic nerves

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4
Q

If you take a very deep breath, the lingula of the left lung, which is formed by the cardiac notch, will tend to expand into

A

the costomediastinal recess

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5
Q

The tubercle of a rib is a projection located posteroinferior and lateral to the neck of the rib. It articulates with

A

the transverse process of the vertebrae with the same number

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6
Q

the part of the plural cavity which extends above the level of the 1st rib into the root of the neck

A

cupola

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7
Q

the point where the visceral pleura of the lung reflects to become continuous with the parietal pleura

A

hilar reflection

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8
Q

a double layer of pleura extending from the inferior end of the hilar reflection downward to the diaphragm. So, it is a structure that would block you from moving your finger posteriorly at the root of a lung

A

pulmonary ligament

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9
Q

During ____, the tricuspid and mitral valves are closed.

A

systole (ventricules push blood out)

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10
Q

During ____, the pulmonary and aorta valves are closed

A

diastole (ventricles fill with blood)

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11
Q

The most important source of blood to the interventricular septum is the

A

anterior interventricular artery, a branch of the left coronary artery (affects conducting system)

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12
Q

Traumatic, acceleration/deceleration injuries to the aorta usually occur where its mobile and fixed portions meet. This would be at the:

A

ligamentum arteriosum

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13
Q

if the azygos vein became dilated, it could impinge on the

A

thoracic duct

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14
Q

Elevated systolic blood pressure in the right ventricle suggests stenosis of which valve

A

pulmonary! (consider what valve is distal to site of high pressure)

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15
Q

just to the left of the xiphisternal junction

A

safest place for pericardiocentesis

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16
Q

a tongue-like projection of the left lung below the cardiac notch, is right next to the costomediastinal recess

A

lingula

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17
Q

a surgeon accidentally cuts the first aortic intercostal arteries. Which of the following structures might be deprived of its main source of blood supply?

A

right bronchus?!

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18
Q

most likely place for aspirations to collect in the lungs

A

Superior segment–inferior lobe

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19
Q

horizontal fissure separates

A

the upper lobe from the middle lobe (right side only)

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20
Q

aneurysm of ascending aorta or thymus would impinge on

A

left brachiocephalic vein

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21
Q

Sympathetic fibers in the greater thoracic splanchnic nerve arise from neuron cell bodies found in the:

A

spinal chord

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22
Q

Afferent fibers would not have their cell bodies located in the lateral horn–afferent sensory fibers have cell bodies in

A

dorsal root ganglia

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23
Q

The sympathetic nerves to the heart, aorta, lungs, and bronchi are carried in the cardiac and pulmonary plexuses. These fibers are not found in

A

spinal nerves

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24
Q

In the mid thorax, the aorta, thoracic duct, and azygos vein are all ____ to the esophagus. (They are in that order, from left to right.)

A

posterior (Don’t touch asses)

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25
Q

carry presynaptic sympathetic fibers to the sympathetic trunk. When a presynaptic nerve fiber reaches the sympathetic chain, there are three things that can happen. First, the nerve fibers can enter a ganglia, synapse at that level, and rejoin the spinal nerve via the grey rami communicantes. Second, the preganglionic nerve fibers can travel up and down the trunk, synapse in a ganglia at another level, and then rejoin a spinal nerve. This is how sympathetic fibers join spinal nerves at the cervical and lumbar levels, which are above and below the lateral horn. Third, some preganglionic fibers do not synapse in the trunk and, instead, form splanchnic nerves. These nerves descend into the abdomen and synapse in other ganglia.

A

white ramus communicantes

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26
Q

contains preganglionic fibers that are destined to synapse in the celiac plexus.

A

greater thoracic splanchnic

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27
Q

the left superior intercostal vein, which normally drains into the:

A

left brachiocephalic vein, not azygous

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28
Q

lie on the anterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies, medial to the sympathetic trunk, which is lying on the heads of the ribs.

A

thoracic splanchnic nerves

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29
Q

the blood vessel immediately behind the right main bronchus

A

azygous vein

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30
Q

The inferior border of the rectus sheath posteriorly is called the

A

arcuate line

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31
Q

a bony process that would be felt lateral to the edge of the spermatic cord at the superficial inguinal ring.

A

pubic tubercle

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32
Q

provides sensory innervation to the skin of the lower abdominal wall, upper hip and upper thigh.

A

iliohypogastric nerve

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33
Q

provides sensory innervation to the skin of the anterior scrotum or labia majora and upper medial thigh

A

genitofemoral nerve

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34
Q

below the arcuate line there is no longer a posterior layer of the ____, and the inner surface of the rectus abdominis is lined only with ____.

A

rectus sheath, transversalis fascia

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35
Q

found in the preperitoneal fat of the abdomen. They lie just superficial to the peritoneum and form the lateral umbilical fold. Indirect hernias are laternal to there, direct are medial.

A

inferior epigastric arteries.

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36
Q

internal thoracic and inferior epigastric arteries supply blood to this muscle

A

rectus abdominus

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37
Q

The medial inguinal fossa is the space on the inner abdominal wall between the medial umbilical fold and the lateral umbilical fold. This is the place in the abdominal wall where there is an area of weak fascia called the inguinal triangle–direct inguinal hernias can break through this space

A

The medial inguinal fossa

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38
Q

a space lateral to the lateral umbilical fold–indirect inguinal hernias push through the deep inguinal ring in this space.

A

lateral inguinal fossa

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39
Q

one would find the inferior epigastric vessels between which layers of the abdominal wall

A

transversus abdominis and peritoneum

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40
Q

the position of the deep inguinal ring

A

midpoint of inguinal ligament

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41
Q

nerve involved in scrotal pain

A

ilioinguinal (weakness leading to hernias can be linked to this nerve)

42
Q

defined medially by the lateral border of rectus abdominus, inferiorly by the inguinal ligament, and superiorly by the inferior epigastric arter

A

inguinal triangle (arcuate line is not a boundary!)

43
Q

do not run in tandem. ____ is part of the portal venous system–it drains into the splenic vein which drains into the hepatic portal vein. ____ is a branch off the descending aorta at the level of the L3 vertebral body. However, they supply/drain the same region: the descending and sigmoid colon and the rectum

A

inferior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric artery

44
Q

surgical location of the appendix

A

the confluence of the teniae coli

45
Q

When the stomach rotates, the ventral border becomes

A

lesser curvture

46
Q

can be lined by the mucosa of the stomach and ulcerate. Or, it can be lined with ectopic pancreatic tissue.

A

meckel’s diverticulm

47
Q

the most distal branch of the superior mesenteric artery and the most proximal branch of the inferior mesenteric artery

A

the middle colic (from the SMA) and the left colic (from the IMA).

48
Q

a branch of the common hepatic artery; it descends behind the first part of the duodenum

A

gastroduodenal artery

49
Q

could tear if there was too much traction while pulling the descending colon away from the body wall.

A

spleen

50
Q

If the posterior wall of the stomach eroded, gastric juices could damage the

A

splenic artery

51
Q

a passageway between the greater peritoneal sac and the lesser peritoneal sac. It is located posterior to the hepatoduodenal ligament and the first part of the duodenum. The caudate lobe of the liver forms the posterior wall of the epiploic foramen

A

omental foramen

52
Q

a nerve lying in the upper portion of the hepatogastric ligament

A

Hepatic branch of the anterior vagal trunk

53
Q

The fundus of the stomach receives its arterial supply from the

A

splenic artery

54
Q

If the gastroduodenal artery and its branches were ligated, blood would flow in a retrograde direction from the

A

left gastroepiploic artery, which is a branch of the splenic artery, to the right gastroepiploic artery, a ligated branch of the gastroduodenal artery

55
Q

lies immeadiately posterior to omental foramen

A

IVC

56
Q

identify the structures that make the line that separates the true/functional lobes of the liver

A

gallbladder fossa and inferior vena cava

57
Q

the nutcracker-like compression of the bowel between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta is most likely to affect

A

duodenum, 3rd part

58
Q

part of duodenum with a thin wall and no circular folds

A

superior part, where ampullas are

59
Q

These veins are large, so a bypass between them could be useful for relieving the portal hypertension.

A

splenic vein to left renal vein

60
Q

the walls become thicker, and circular folds develop

A

second part of duodenum

61
Q

usually empties into the splenic vein. The splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein then unite to form the portal vein

A

inferior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric artery

62
Q

the right suprarenal gland is partly overlain anteriorly by

A

IVC

63
Q

The left inferior phrenic vein, left suprarenal vein, and left ovarian/testicular vein all drain into the

A

left renal vein

64
Q

The lesser thoracic splanchnic nerves are not part of the ____–these nerves synapse in the aorticorenal ganglia and contribute to the renal plexus.

A

celiac ganglia

65
Q

Even though the ____ does not synapse in the celiac ganglia, it passes through the ganglia and contributes to the celiac plexus

A

vagus nerve

66
Q

Cells that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine are innervated by preganglionic fibers from

A

greater splanchnic nerve

67
Q

is found in the central tendon of the diaphragm

A

caval opening

68
Q

is formed by the median arcuate ligament, which unites the two crura of the diaphragm

A

aortic hiatus

69
Q

is formed entirely by the fibers of the right crus

A

esophageal hiatus

70
Q

passes through the central tendon of the diaphragm, near the vena caval foramen

A

right phrenic nerve

71
Q

The nerves that end on the secretory cells of the medulla of the suprarenal glands are principally

A

Preganglionic fibers from the greater thoracic splanchnic nerve

72
Q

is directly innervated by preganglionic sympathetic fibers from the greater thoracic splanchnic nerve

A

adrenal medulla

73
Q

renal fascia is continuous with

A

inferior, toward pelvis (direction of ureters)

74
Q

lost sensation to the skin of her anterior thigh and cannot extend her knee

A

femoral nerve lesion

75
Q

damaged by a stab wound into the ischiorectal (ischioanal) fossa 2 cm lateral to the anal canal

A

pudendal nerve

76
Q

what is ligated to sterilize a male?

A

vas deferens

77
Q

the structure that joins the apex of the fetal bladder to the umbilicus. After birth, it becomes the median umbilical ligamen

A

urachus

78
Q

a reflection of the peritoneum between the rectum and the bladder. It can only be found in males because females have the uterus sitting between the rectum and the bladder

A

reticovesicular pouch

79
Q

does duct of seminal vesicle conduct spermatozoa

A

nope

80
Q

travels through the prostate and opens into the prostatic urethra

A

ejaculatory duct

81
Q

the two ducts that join to make the ejaculatory duct. They both lie on the posterior surface of the bladder

A

duct of seminal vesicle, and ductus deferens

82
Q

Since the uterus is folded over the bladder, the rectouterine pouch can extend to a _____ level than the vesicouterine pouch

A

slightly lower

83
Q

has anterior, posterior, lateral, and middle lobes

A

prostate

84
Q

specializations of the circular layer of musculature that are designed to support fecal mass

A

transverse rectal folds

85
Q

an expanded part of the lower rectum that stores feces

A

ampulla, contains transverse rectal folds

86
Q

prostate enlargement causes ___ to constrict urination

A

uvula of bladder

87
Q

an incision made through the posterior fornix of the vagina will allow a surgeon to enter the

A

rectouterine pouch (useful in ectopic pregnancy)

88
Q

the part of broad ligament that supports the uterine tube

A

mesosalphinx

89
Q

is the part of broad ligament that forms a shelf-like fold supporting the ovary

A

mesovarium

90
Q

does femoral nerve enter true pelvis

A

nah

91
Q

the part of the broad ligament of the uterus that attaches the body of the uterus to the pelvic wall.

A

mesometrium

92
Q

The ureters pass through the base of the ____ as they travel to reach the bladder

A

mesometrium

93
Q

The external iliac vein lies ____ to the external iliac artery

A

medial

94
Q

muscle to strengthen for urinary continence

A

puborectalis

95
Q

The sacral splanchnic nerves do not come out of the sacral nerve roots–instead, these nerves come from the

A

sacral sympathetic ganglia

96
Q

The arcus tendineus levator ani is a thickening of fascia of the

A

obturator internus

97
Q

not near the perineum–it is more important as a landmark that creates the greater and lesser sciatic foramina which helps to organize the structures exiting the pelvis

A

sacrospinus ligament

98
Q

The vestibular bulbs/bulb of the corpus spongiosum are firmly attached to the

A

perineal membrane

99
Q

When performing a median episiotomy, a cut is made immediately posterior to the vagina, through the perineal body. If this cut went too far, the physician might cut through

A

external anal sphincter or rectum

100
Q

The bulbospongiosus muscle, ischiocavernosus muscle, and sphincter urethrae are ____ to the area that is cut during an episiotomy

A

anterior

101
Q

the inferior rectal vein is a tributary of the

A

internal pudendal vein

102
Q

Lymphatic spread of labia majora infection would most likely enlarge which nodes?

A

superficial inguinal

Anatomy III (7 decks)

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