Bipolar Disorder Flashcards
What is the prevalance of bipolar disorder
12 month prevalence 2.6%
• Lifetime prevalence 1.0%- 1.5%
• USA Lifetime rate 4.4%
suicide = 15%
What is Kraepelinian Triad for Mania
- Elation
- Flight of Ideas
- Increased Psychomotor Activity
What do we need to consider when dx a Manic episode
- Distinct period, at least one week
- Abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive mood
- Or irritable mood
- Sufficient severity
What are the CRITERIA to dx a manic episode
Minimum of 3, 4 if irritable • Grandiosity • Decreased need for sleep • Hyperverbal or pressured speech • Flight of ideas or racing thoughts • Distractibility • Increased goal directed activity, psychomotor agitation • More pleasurable activity with painful consequences
Describe the first stage of mania
- > Psychomotor activity, rate of speech
- Labile mood, euphoric
- Expansiveness, grandiosity
- Coherent thoughts, tangential
- > Sexual preoccupation, religiousness, spending, letter writing
- “High” but not out of control
- > Psychomotor activity, rate of speech
- Labile mood, euphoric
- Expansiveness, grandiosity
- Coherent thoughts, tangential
- > Sexual preoccupation, religiousness, spending, letter writing
- “High” but not out of control
Stage 1 of mania
What makes up the second stage of mania
- > Pressured speech, psychomotor activity
- > Dysphoric mood, depression
- Open hostility, anger
- Explosive, assaultive behavior
- Flight of ideas
- Preoccupations now frankly delusional
- > Pressured speech, psychomotor activity
- > Dysphoric mood, depression
- Open hostility, anger
- Explosive, assaultive behavior
- Flight of ideas
- Preoccupations now frankly delusional
stage 2 of mania
Describe stage III of mania
- Desperate, panic stricken state
- Frenzied, bizarre psychomotor activity • Loose associations
- Bizarre, idiosyncratic delusions
- Hallucinations
- Disorientation
- Ideas of reference
is a lowered state of mania that does little to impair function or decrease quality of life. there is less need for sleep and both goal-motivated behaviour and metabolism increase. Though the elevated mood and energy level typical of hypomania could be seen as a benefit, mania itself generally has many undesirable consequences including suicidal tendencies
Hypomania
What is bipolar I
characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.
Bipolar I disorder sometimes occurs along with episodes of hypomania or major depression as well.
It is a type of bipolar disorder, and conforms to the classic concept of manic-depressive illness, which can include psychosis during mood episodes.
What is the differnce between bipolar I and II
[3] The difference with bipolar II disorder is that the latter requires that the individual must never have experienced a full manic episode - only less severe hypomanic episode(s)
What is bipolar II disorder
characterized by at least one episode of hypomania and at least one episode of major depression
*requires that the individual must never have experienced a full manic episode (unless it was caused by an antidepressant medication; otherwise one manic episode meets the criteria for bipolar I disorder)
What is cyclothymia
Cyclothymia, which usually starts in adolescence or early adulthood, describes fluctuations of mood between mild elation and depression. Although mild elation of this type may be associated with enhanced personal and social functioning, cyclothymia can also lead to considerable social or interpersonal difficulties because of its unpredictability. A proportion of cyclothymic individuals go on to develop mania.
What are some differentials we need to consider when dx maniaq
The differential diagnosis of mania includes schizophrenia, drug-induced states, and organic disorders.
