Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
What are the physiologic effects of anxiety
fear, breathlessness, choking, palpitations, restless, increase muscular tension
What areas of brain are invovled in anxiety
tight associations with limbic structures; loose outer associations
*amygdala is key and activated when threatened located next to hippocampus key for memory
What hormones are released in response to fear?
Hypothal to release CRH–> to ant pit to release ACTH–> to adrenals to release cortisol
What does cortisol do in fear response
regulates glucose, increases fat in body, hleps defend body from infection and respond to stress
What is the result of HIGH cortisol levels
Raised BP, raised HR, Increase O2 consumption, Interferes with connections btween neurons (reduces memory and learning) and disrupts immune
Laundry list of anxiety disorders
Separation Anxiety Disorder Selective Mutism Specific Phobia Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) Panic Disorder Panic Attack (Specifier) Agoraphobia Generalized Anxiety Disorder Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder Anxiety Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition Other Specified Anxiety Disorder Unspecified Anxiety Disorder
Laundry list of Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Reactive Attachment Disorder Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Acute Stress Disorder
Adjustment Disorders
Other Specified Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder Unspecified Trauma- and Stressor- Related Disorder
Laundry list of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Body Dysmorphic Disorder Hoarding Disorder
Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder Substance/Medication-Induced Obsessive- Compulsive and Related Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
Other Specified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder
Define Panic attacks
Palpitations, sweating, trembling, SOB, choking, chest pain, nause, fear of loss of control, fear of dying, paresthesias, hot or cold flashes
Psychiatric disorder most commonly are normal mental processes and behaviors that have become exaggerated,
DISRUPTING HOMEOSTASIS.
They cause Distress and Dysfunction.
Criteria for GAD
A. Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance).
B. The person finds it difficult to control the worry.
C. The anxiety and worry are associated with three (or more) of the following six symptoms (with at least some symptoms present for more days than not for the past 6 months). Note: Only one item is required in children.
(1) restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge
(2) being easily fatigued
(3) difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
(4) irritability
(5) muscle tension
(6) sleep disturbance (difficulty falling or staying asleep, or restless unsatisfying sleep)
The anxiety, worry, or physical symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
Social anxiety disorder
Marked and persistant fear of one or more social or performance situations in which person is eposed to unfamiliar people or possible scrutiny.
Exposure to situaiton–> causes anxiety
Person recognizes fear is excessive or unreasonalbe
Feared social situaitons are avoided and interferes with routine
What are some treatment options for anxiety disorders
• Social treatments:
• Psychological treatment: – Diaphragmatic breathing – Guided imagary
Biological treatments: Pharmacology lecture.
What pharm is recommended for immediate relief of anxiety
Benzos
-Lorasapam; can be po, IM or IV
FAST acting and excreated by kidney
can see tolerance, dependence and withdrawl
What are the benefits of diaphragmatic breathing
- Reduce anxiety.
- Improve focus and attention.
- Improve sleep.
- Reduce depression.
- Reduce blood pressure.
- Improve immune response.
- Improve social relationships.
