Biotechnology Flashcards
What is a catalyst?
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
What is an enzyme?
Enzymes are biological catalysts.
What is degradation reaction?
A degradation reaction is where large molecules are broken down into smaller soluble molecules.
What is a synthesis reaction?
Synthesis means the building up of large molecules from smaller molecules.
What is the word equation for the degradation of hydrogen peroxide.
Hydrogen peroxide —————> oxygen + water
……………………………..Catalase
What is the word equation for the synthesis of glucose and phosphate.
Glucose -1- phosphate —————> starch
……………………………… Phosphorylase
What is bacteria?
Bacteria are tiny unicellular microorganisms.
What is yeast?
Yeast is a unicellular organism of the fungal family.
What is the fermentation word equation?
Sugar ————> carbon dioxide + energy+alcohol
What are enzymes made of?
Protein.
What does specific mean when talking about enzymes?
An enzyme’s active site is only complementary to the shape of one substrate and due to this, enzymes are said to be specific to that substrate.
How can a solution be tested for the presence of starch?
add a drop of iodine solution to the solution you are testing for starch, if the solution turns black then starch is present.
How can a solution be tested for the presence of sugar?
Add a drop of Benedict’s solution to the solution you are testing for sugar, if the solution turns yellow/orange/brown then sugar is present.
What does the word optimum mean?
Optimum means the conditions that the enzymes work best at.
What conditions effect enzyme activity?
Temperature and pH.
