biotech applications Flashcards

1
Q

totipotency

A

ability to generate whole new plant from explant

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2
Q

plants that are genetically identical to parent plant are called as

A

somaclones

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3
Q

tissue culture prepared food plants such as

A

tomato banana apple

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4
Q

scientist have succeeded in culturing meristems of plants like

A

banana sugarcane potato

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4
Q

somatic hybridisation

A

isolated protoplast from two varieties of plant and fused to get hybrid varieties eg; pomato

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5
Q

father of green revolution, world wide

A

norman e borlaug

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5
Q

father of green revolution, India

A

ms Swaminathan

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6
Q

genetic modification has made,

A

crops more tolerant to abiotic stress
pest resistance crops
reduce post harvest loss
increase efficiency of mineral usage by plants
enhance nutritional value of food

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7
Q

beta carotene[ daffodils{ narcissur pseudonarcissus} ] is the precursor of

A

vitamin A[ night blindness/xerophtalmia]

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7
Q

hirudin,

A

Anticoagulant
naturally taken from hirudinaria[annelida]

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8
Q

Bacillus thuringenus

A

cry gene prepared
inactive insecticidal protein[ Bt toxin/ prototoxin]

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9
Q

cry 1 Ab gene specific for

A

corn borer

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10
Q

bt is produced protein that kill certain insects such as

A

lepidopterans [ tobacco budworm ,army worm], coleopterans [beetles],dipterans[flies, mosquitoes ]

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11
Q

cry 2 Ab+ cry 1 Ac gene specific for

A

cotton ballworm

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12
Q

inactive prototoxins are converted to an activated form of toxin due to

A

alkaline PH of the gut which solubilises the crystal and it create pores that cause cell swelling and lysis

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13
Q

which nematode infects the roots of tobacco plant

A

meloidegyne incognita

14
Q

RNAi

A

takes place in all eukaryotes as a cellular defence . this method involve silencing of mRNA of the nematode due to its dsRNAS that binds to prevent translation

14
Q

how many recombinant therapeutic have been approved for humans

A

30 , in india 12

15
Q

earlier insulin was from

A

cattle and pig

16
Q

recombinant insulin manufactured by Eli Lilly on

A

1983

17
Q

functional ADA is introduced to lymphocyte using vector

A

retroviral vector

17
Q

first clinical gene therapy was given in year, to?

A

1990 , 4 year old girl [ADA{adenosine deaminase
} deficiency{SCID} ]

17
Q

for permanent cure ADA should be introduced during

A

embryo stage

18
Q

early diagnosis can be done by

A

PCR , ELISA, recombinant DNA technology

19
Q

PCR used to detect

A

HIV in AIDS patient, detect mutations in genes of cancer patients

20
Q

PROBE

A

ssRNA/ ssDNA tagged with radioactive molecule

20
Q

clone having mutated gane will not appear in

A

photographic film

21
Q

principle of ELISA

A

antibody-antigen interaction

21
Q

95% of transgenic animals are

A

mice

22
Q

transgenic model exist for many disease such as

A

cancer , cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis ,alzeimers

23
Q

alpha 1 antitrypsin is the protein used to treat

A

emphysema

23
Q

transgenic sheep

A

tracy

23
Q

first transgenic cow and gene has

A

1997,rosie cow, alpha lactalbumin

24
Q

who makes decisions regarding validity of GM research and safety of introducing GMO for public services

A

genetic engineering approval committee GEAC

25
Q

BIOPIRACY

A

use of bio resources by multinational companies and other organisations without proper authorisation from the countries and the people concerned without compensatory payment

26
Q

patent done in basmati rice, turmeric , neem

A

2 lack varieties of rice available and 27 are basmati rice

26
Q

year in which US took patent of basmati rice

A

1997

27
Q

the Indian parliament has recently has cleared the ——– of the Indian patent bill

A

second amendment