Biomechanics: Angular Motion Flashcards

1
Q

Define angular motion

A

Movement/rotation around a fixed point or axis

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2
Q

What is an off-centre force also referred to as?

A

An eccentric force

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3
Q

What does angular motion occur as a result of?

A

Torque

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4
Q

How can moment of force/torque be calculated?

A

Force x Perpendicular distance from the fulcrum (newton metres) (newtons)

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5
Q

Describe Newton’s 1st Law of Angular Motion

A

A body will continue rotating/spinning with a constant angular velocity unless acted upon by an external torque/rotational force.

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6
Q

Describe Newton’s 2nd law of angular motion

A

The rate of change of angular momentum of a body is directly proportional to the force causing it and the change takes place in the direction in which the force is applied.

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7
Q

Describe Newton’s 3rd law of angular motion

A

When a force is applied by one body to another, the second body will exert and equal and opposite force on the other body.

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8
Q

Define angular displacement

A

The smallest change in angle between the start and finish point of a rotation

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9
Q

What is the unit of measurement for angular displacement

A

Radians/r or degrees /°

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10
Q

What is the definition for angular velocity?

A

The rate of rotation around an axis of rotation

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11
Q

Define angular acceleration

A

The rate of change of angular velocity

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12
Q

What is the unit of measurement for angular velocity?

A

Radians per second (rad/s)

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13
Q

What is the unit of measurement for angular acceleration?

A

Rad/s2

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14
Q

Identify A, B and C in the picture

A

A - Angular Momentum
B - Angular Velocity
C - Moment of Inertia

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15
Q

Define angular momentum

A

Angular momentum is the quantity of rotation a body possesses and is a product of moment of inertia and angular velocity, so remains constant.

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16
Q

Define angular velocity

A

Angular velocity is the rate of rotation of a body around its axes of rotation.

17
Q

Define moment of inertia

A

Moment of inertia is a body’s reluctance to rotation/

18
Q

What is the relationship between angular momentum, angular velocity and moment of inertia

A

Angular Momentum = Angular Velocity x Moment of Inertia

19
Q

What two factors does moment of inertia depend upon?

A

Mass of the body/object
Distribution of mass from axis of rotation

20
Q

Explain how mass of an object affects moment of inertia

A

The greater the mass, the greater the resistance to change and therefore, the greater the moment of inertia

21
Q

Explain how the distribution of mass from an axis of rotation impacts moment of inertia

A

The closer the mass is to the axis of rotation, the lower the moment of inertia. The further away mass is from the axis of rotation, the higher the moment of inertia.