BIOMECHANICS 2 Flashcards
FLUID MECHANICS
the study of objects or bodies that travel through a fluid
PROJECTILE
human bodies or objects launched into the air that are subject to the forces or weight and air resistance only
STREAMLINING
shaping a body so that it causes the least drag when travelling through a fluid
AEROFOIL
a streamlined she with a curved upper surface and an under surface that is predominantly flat - like the cross-section of the wing of an aircraft
PARABOLA
a uniform curve that is symmetrical about its highest point
LIFT FORCE
force that acts perpendicular to the direction of travel for a body moving though a fluid
ANGLE OF ATTACK
the angle at which a projectile is tilted from the horizontal. lift force will increase as the angle of attack is increased up to a certain point (usually around 17 degrees)
BERNOULLI PRINCIPLE
stated that molecules in a fluid exert less pressure the faster they travel and more pressure the slower they travel
PRONATE
to rotate the radio-ulnar joint so the palm faces downwards
SUPINATE
to rotate the radio-ulnar joint so the palm faces upwards
ECCENTRIC FORCE
force whose line of application passes outside the centre of mass of a body, causing the resulting motion to be angular
MAGNUS EFFECT
explains the deviations in flight paths of spinning balls in sport
ANGULAR MOTION
when a body or part of a body moves in a circle or part of a circle around a particular point called the axis of rotation
EQUILIBRIUM
a body is in equilibrium when the net force = 0
CENTRE OF MASS
the point at which the body is balanced in all directions
STABILITY
the ability of a body to return to equilibrium or its original position after being displaced
IMPULSE
the product of force multiplied by the time for which the force acts (Ns)
FRICTION FORCE
the force that acts in opposition to the movement of one surface over another
AIR RESISTNACE
the force acting in the opposite direction to the motion of a body travelling through air
DRAG / FLUID FRICTION
the resistance caused by friction in the direction opposite to the motion of a body travelling through a fluid
FREE BODY DIAGRAM
a clearlly labelled sketch showing all of the forces acting on a particular object at a particular instant in time
NORMAL REACTION FORCE
the force between two bodies in contact with each other in a direction perpendicular to the surface of contact
