Biology Y10 Respiration and the Heart EoT test Flashcards
what is hte difference between respiration and breathing
repiration is the chemical reaction, while breathing is a process
word equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ -> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O (+ energy)
how much energy is released by aerobic respiration
38 ATP
where do the reactants of respiration come from
glucose - digestion of food
oxygen - via lungs and blood
where does carbon dioxide go after being produced
exits via lungs and blood
where does aerobic respiration occur
in cell mitochondria
what is energy for
- build up smal molecules into larger ones
- break down larger molecules into smaller ones
- muscle contraction
- maintain a stable body temperature
- active transport
what happens when aerobically respiring during exercise
- heart rate increases
- arteries supplying active muscles dilate
- breathing rate and depth increases
- muscles convert stored glycogen into glucose
word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
glucose -> lactic acid (+ energy)
balanced symbol equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
C₆H₁₂O₆ -> 2C₃H₆O₃ (+ energy)
how much energy is released by anaerobic respiration in animals
2 ATP
where does anaerobic respiration take place in animals
in cytoplasm
where does lactic acid go after respiration
accumulates in blood
which respiration is faster and why
anaerobic because less bonds are broken
what does lactic acid cause
muscle fatigue and pain
how do you deal with lactic acid
remove it from the body, or convert it back into glucose, both of which require oxygen/energy from respiration
what happens when plants flood
there is a low oxygen concentration in the soil, so the roots have to respire anaerobically
word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants etc.
glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+ energy)
balanced symbol equation for anaerobic respiration in plants etc.
C₆H₁₂O₆ -> 2C₂H₆O + 2CO₂ (+ energy)
what is diffusion
the net movement of particles down the concentration gradient from a high concentration to a low concentration
why do organisms rely on diffusion
to move substances across cell membranes
how do you format a ‘describe the graph’ question
as the independent variable increases/decreases, the dependent variable increases/decreases
what happens to diffusion as you increase surface area to volume ratio
it becomes quicker