Biology: The Heart

Question 1

Open circulatory system

Answer 1

Found in insects. The heart pumps blood through arteries, into the body, deoxygenated blood re-enters the heart via ‘Ostia’, pores in the heart.

Question 2

Closed circulatory system

Answer 2

Found in most most mammals. Blood travels from the heart, through arteries and capillaries to the tissue, then back via veins.

Question 3

Blood pressure in open and closed circulatory systems

Answer 3

Only closed circulatory systems have blood pressure. It is high in the arteries, medium in the capillaries and low in the veins. It makes this system more efficient as blood moves much faster.

Question 4

Single circulatory system

Answer 4

Blood goes from the heart, to the lungs (gills), to the tissue, then back to the heart (only goes through the heart once per cycle).

Question 5

Double circulatory system

Answer 5

Blood goes from the heart to the lungs, back to the heart, to the tissue then back to the heart once more (goes through the heart twice in one cycle). This allows blood to be pumped faster.

Question 6

Blood pressure in blood vessels

Answer 6

Arteries - High
Capillaries - Medium
Veins - Low

Question 7

Lumen of blood vessels

Answer 7

Arteries - Medium
Capillaries - Narrow
Veins - Wide

Question 8

Elastic muscle of blood vessels

Answer 8

Arteries - High
Capillaries - None
Veins - Low

Question 9

Five blood vessels

Answer 9

Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins

Question 10

Myogenic

Answer 10

The ability of the heart to generate it’s own heart beat.