Biology Test 4/3/25 Flashcards
The percentage of the genes for a trait that are for a particular allele in a population
Allele frequency
When an individual joins a population, causing a disruption in the genetic equilibrium
Immigration
When an individual leaves a population, causing a disruption in the genetic equilibrium
Emigration
When a change in the DNA causes a change in the allele frequency
Mutation
When a population is small and the allele frequency changes due to random chance
Genetic drift
When only some members of a population survive due to a genetic factor
Natural selection
When allele and genotype frequencies stay the same from generation to generation
Genetic equilibrium
The percentage of the individuals which have a certain expressed trait (phenotype) in a population
Phenotype frequency
The percentage of the individuals which have a particular genotype in a population
Genotype frequency
When individuals in a population choose their mates based on a genetic factor
Sexual selection
The principle that states that a population will maintain genetic equilibrium as long as:
1. Mating is random
2. Large population
3. No migration
4. No mutations
5. Everyone survives long enough to reproduce
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
What is the point of the Hardy-Weinberg Principle
To show that there is a reason for changes in a population from generation to generation
What 5 things must happen in order to maintain genetic equilibrium
- Random mating
- Large population
- No migration
- No mutations
- Everyone survives long enough to reproduce
