Biology Test 11/20/24 Flashcards
What is the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis
6CO₂ + 6H₂O →(+ Light) → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 60₂
Describe the energy before and after photosynthesis
Before photosynthesis, the energy is in the form of light; after photosynthesis, the energy is chemical potential energy stored in glucose
What part of the cell performs photosynthesis
The chloroplasts
What role does chlorophyll play in photosynthesis
It absorbs the light energy and uses it to break water down into hydrogen, oxygen, and electrons, and uses the rest of the light energy to form ATP
Where does a plant get CO2 for photosynthesis
The air
Where does a plant get H2O for photosynthesis
The soil
Which of the phases of photosynthesis uses the light energy from the sun
The Light-Dependent Phase
What events happen in the light dependent phase? What are the products
The chlorophyll absorbs the light energy and uses it to break down water into hydrogen, oxygen, and electrons, then uses the rest of the light energy to form ATP. Then the hydrogen, electrons, and ATP make up glucose and the oxygen is released
What happens to CO2 in the Calvin cycle
It is fixed which makes PGA
What happens to each of the products of the light dependent phase during the Calvin cycle
The hydrogen, electrons, and ATP are used to make glucose
What conditions are needed for photosynthesis to happen
Sufficient light, CO₂, H₂O, and correct temperature
Why does a plant do photosynthesis
They can’t get energy from eating like animals
Explain how energy is stored in large molecules like glucose
The chemical potential energy is stored in the chemical bonds of glucose
Where does a tree come from
The cell does photosynthesis to make glucose from carbon dioxide, water, and light. Then, the glucose makes up cellulose which makes up the tree
What is the balanced chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 60₂ →(- Energy) → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
Describe the energy before and after cellular respiration
Before, the energy is chemical potential energy stored in glucose; after, the energy is chemical potential energy stored in ATP
Name and describe the first phase of aerobic cellular respiration. What are the products? Which products are used in the second phase? How many ATP molecules are produced
The first phase is Glycolysis, it uses glucose and produces 2 ATP and pyruvic acid. The second phase uses pyruvic acid and produces 2 ATP
Name the second phase of aerobic cellular respiration. How many ATP molecules are produced
It is called the Citric Acid Cycle and it produces 2 ATP
Name and describe the third phase of aerobic cellular respiration. What are the products? How many ATP molecules are produced
It is called the Hydrogen & Electron Transport System, it uses oxygen and produces 32 ATP, carbon dioxide, and water
What is the exchange rate between glucose and ATP in aerobic cellular respiration
One glucose molecule makes 36 ATP
Why do cells need ATP
It serves as their fuel
Why is some cellular respiration called “aerobic”
Because the name comes from “air” and aerobic cellular respiration uses oxygen
How is anaerobic cellular respiration different from aerobic cellular respiration
Aerobic has three phases - Glycolysis, the Citric Acid Cycle, and the Hydrogen and Electron Transport System, and produces 36 ATP. Anaerobic only has two phases - Glycolysis and Fermentation, and only produces 2 ATP
Why is aerobic cellular respiration more efficient than anaerobic cellular respiration
Aerobic uses oxygen allowing it to do the Hydrogen and Electron Transport System which makes 32 ATP
