Biology: Reproduction In Animals 2fgh Flashcards
In mammals what is the name of the male gamete (Male sex cell)?
Sperm
In mammals what is the name of the female gamete?
Eggs or Ova (ovum singular)
What is it called when the sperm enters the egg and the two nuclei fuse?
Fertilisation
What is formed when fertilisation occurs in mammals?
Zygote
How do the numbers of sperm released compare to the number of eggs released?
There are millions of sperm but only one egg per month.
How does the size of sperm compare to the size of the egg?
The sperm are much smaller than the egg.
How is a sperm cell adapted to do its job?
Tail to swim
Nucleus contains half the genetic information needed for the offspring (the other half comes from the egg).
Enzymes at its tip to help enter the egg.
Lots of mitochondria for the release of energy.
On average, on which day of the menstrual cycle is the egg released from the ovary?
Day 14
Where are sperm produced?
In the testes.
Where are eggs produced in mammals?
Ovaries
What happens to the lining of the uterus throughout the menstrual cycle?
From day one to seven the lining is shed.
From day seven onwards the lining thickens in preparation for the arrival of the fertilised egg. If no fertilised egg is received the cycle begins again.
The zygote divides to form a ball of cells called…
An embryo.
The embryo implants in the lining of the uterus and after eight weeks it becomes a…
Fetus
What is the role of the amniotic sac containing the amniotic fluid?
It protects the developing embryo and fetus from bumps during development.
What is the name of the organ which anchors the embryo to the uterus, allows nutrients and oxygen move from the mother to the child and waste materials to move from the embryo into the mothers blood.
Placenta
