Biology: Food And Digestion (2a,b,c,d) Flashcards
What are involved in chemical digestion?
Enzymes- biological catalysts that break big molecules into smaller soluble ones.
What is amylase?
An enzyme which breaks starch into sugar.
What are the seven food groups needed for a balanced diet?
My fat cat plays violently with fish!
Minerals, fats, carbohydrate, protein, vitamins, water and fibre.
Give an example of a mineral.
Calcium (bones) or iron (blood).
What does malnourished mean?
Someone lacking certain nutrients - who doesn’t have a balanced diet.
Give an example of a vitamin. Where does it come from? What does it do?
Vitamin C - from oranges, good for our immunity.
Where could you get protein from?
Meat, beans or lentils
Where could you get carbohydrate from?
Pasta, bread, potatoes
What could happen if you ate too much animal fat?
Put on weight and may get clogged blood vessels (heart attacks)
What is absorption?
When small soluble nutrients move across the lining of the intestine onto the blood.
What is egestion?
When waste food passes out the anus…poo!
How are nutrients transported around the body once absorbed?
In the blood.
What is starvation?
The condition caused by lack of food of any sort.
Why do we need carbohydrate?
For energy
Why do we need protein?
For growth and repair
What is digestion?
When nutrients in food and broken down so they can be absorbed.
Why do we need some fat in our diet?
For energy and for insulation.
What do enzymes do?
Break large insoluble molecules into small soluble ones which can be absorbed into our bodies.
Where are these small soluble molecules absorbed in our bodies?
Across the lining of our small intestine
Once absorbed, how are the small soluble molecules, such as sugars, carried around our body?
In our blood
What sugar is used as the fuel for respiration?
Glucose
What is the word equation for respiration?
Glucose +oxygen–> carbon dioxide + water (GOCoW)
What is the main purpose of respiration?
To release energy from food.
