Biology: Nervous system Flashcards
what are the two major divisions of the nervous system
central
peripheral
central nervous system CNS
brain and spinal cord
what are the major parts of the brain
cerebrum (cerebral cortex)
cerebellum
medulla oblongata
cerebrospinal fluid
what the brain and spinal cord float in to cushion against shock
thalamus
relay center between spinal cord and brain
hypothalamus
controls body temp
blood pressure
emotions
what are the 3 major functions of the cerebrum(cerebral cortex)
sensory areas that receive impulses from sense receptors motor areas (impulses responsible for all voluntary movement) associative areas (memory and thought)
what are the folds in the cerebral cortex
convolutions, they increase surface area
cerebellum
controls all voluntary movement
balance
medulla oblongata
connect the spinal cord to all other parts of the brain
controls breathing, heartbeat, blood flow, and coughing
What are the 3 types of memory
momentary-last a few min
short term-several hours
long term- weeks to years and longer
What are 2 functions of the spinal cord
connects the nerves to the peripheral nervous system with the brain
controls certain reflexes which are automatic responses
peripheral nervous system PNS
consists of neurons not included i the brain and spinal cord
afferent neurons
collect information from the body and transmit it towards the CNS (Sensory)
efferent neurons
transmit information away from the CNS (motor)
What are the two divisions of the PNS
somatic
autonomic
somatic nervous system
voluntary movements
autonomic nervous system
involuntary movements
either parasympathetic or sympathetic
sympathetic
fight or flight
sudden stress, something frightening
parasympathetic
prepares body for rest
slows heart rate
reflex
simplest response to stimulus
reflex arc
automatic involuntary reaction to stimulus
four functions of nervous system
gathers info
transmits info
processes info (integrative)
sends info to effectors (motor)
