Biology: Nervous system Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the two major divisions of the nervous system

A

central

peripheral

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2
Q

central nervous system CNS

A

brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

what are the major parts of the brain

A

cerebrum (cerebral cortex)
cerebellum
medulla oblongata

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4
Q

cerebrospinal fluid

A

what the brain and spinal cord float in to cushion against shock

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5
Q

thalamus

A

relay center between spinal cord and brain

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6
Q

hypothalamus

A

controls body temp
blood pressure
emotions

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7
Q

what are the 3 major functions of the cerebrum(cerebral cortex)

A
sensory areas that receive impulses from sense receptors
motor areas (impulses responsible for all voluntary movement)
associative areas (memory and thought)
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8
Q

what are the folds in the cerebral cortex

A

convolutions, they increase surface area

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9
Q

cerebellum

A

controls all voluntary movement

balance

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10
Q

medulla oblongata

A

connect the spinal cord to all other parts of the brain

controls breathing, heartbeat, blood flow, and coughing

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11
Q

What are the 3 types of memory

A

momentary-last a few min
short term-several hours
long term- weeks to years and longer

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12
Q

What are 2 functions of the spinal cord

A

connects the nerves to the peripheral nervous system with the brain
controls certain reflexes which are automatic responses

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13
Q

peripheral nervous system PNS

A

consists of neurons not included i the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

afferent neurons

A

collect information from the body and transmit it towards the CNS (Sensory)

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15
Q

efferent neurons

A

transmit information away from the CNS (motor)

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16
Q

What are the two divisions of the PNS

A

somatic

autonomic

17
Q

somatic nervous system

A

voluntary movements

18
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

involuntary movements

either parasympathetic or sympathetic

19
Q

sympathetic

A

fight or flight

sudden stress, something frightening

20
Q

parasympathetic

A

prepares body for rest

slows heart rate

21
Q

reflex

A

simplest response to stimulus

22
Q

reflex arc

A

automatic involuntary reaction to stimulus

23
Q

four functions of nervous system

A

gathers info
transmits info
processes info (integrative)
sends info to effectors (motor)