Biology: Immune System Flashcards
What are the three line of defense in the immune system
surface and mucus
inflammatory
immune
What is the purpose of the immune system
to protect against pathogens
what is the only way something can permeate the skin
if there is an open cut
how doesn’t the hair on your body help protect
secretes sebum, contains lactic acid and fatty acids which inhibit bacteria growth
how doesn’t saliva tears nasal secretions and perspiration help protect
contains lysosomes which destroys bacteria causing cell lysis
how does the stomach help
secretes powerful acids that kill many pathogens
inflammation
stimulated by chemical factors released from damaged cells
what attracts phagocytes
increased blood flow that causes puffiness
macrophages
giant white blood cells that ingest any damaged tissue
pus
mixture of dead wbc, dead cells, bacteria and body fluid
how does the third line(immune) work
recognizes the pathogen
attacks
destroys
remembers
how is this done(immune 3rd line)
creating antibodies and specialized cells
immunity
ability to fight infection through the production of antibodies
antibodies/immunoglobulins/gamma globulins
a large y shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses
antigen
any substance that causes an immune response
most are proteins
lymphocytes
wbc that recognize specific antigens and either produce antiboides or kill foreign cells directly
what are the two types of lymphocytes
b cells and t cells
where are b cells matured
bone marrow
where are t cells matured
thymus gland
primary immune response
what happens the first time an antigen enters your body
Secondary immune response
what happens the second time an antigen enters your body
b cells
after stimulated by t cells divides into plasma cell and a memory b cell
what do plasma cell produce
antibodies against antigen
how long do b cells last
lifetime
