Biology: Immune System

Question 1

What are the three line of defense in the immune system

Answer 1

surface and mucus
inflammatory
immune

Question 2

What is the purpose of the immune system

Answer 2

to protect against pathogens

Question 3

what is the only way something can permeate the skin

Answer 3

if there is an open cut

Question 4

how doesn’t the hair on your body help protect

Answer 4

secretes sebum, contains lactic acid and fatty acids which inhibit bacteria growth

Question 5

how doesn’t saliva tears nasal secretions and perspiration help protect

Answer 5

contains lysosomes which destroys bacteria causing cell lysis

Question 6

how does the stomach help

Answer 6

secretes powerful acids that kill many pathogens

Question 7

inflammation

Answer 7

stimulated by chemical factors released from damaged cells

Question 8

what attracts phagocytes

Answer 8

increased blood flow that causes puffiness

Question 9

macrophages

Answer 9

giant white blood cells that ingest any damaged tissue

Question 10

pus

Answer 10

mixture of dead wbc, dead cells, bacteria and body fluid

Question 11

how does the third line(immune) work

Answer 11

recognizes the pathogen
attacks
destroys
remembers

Question 12

how is this done(immune 3rd line)

Answer 12

creating antibodies and specialized cells

Question 13

immunity

Answer 13

ability to fight infection through the production of antibodies

Question 14

antibodies/immunoglobulins/gamma globulins

Answer 14

a large y shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses

Question 15

antigen

Answer 15

any substance that causes an immune response

most are proteins

Question 16

lymphocytes

Answer 16

wbc that recognize specific antigens and either produce antiboides or kill foreign cells directly

Question 17

what are the two types of lymphocytes

Answer 17

b cells and t cells

Question 18

where are b cells matured

Answer 18

bone marrow

Question 19

where are t cells matured

Answer 19

thymus gland

Question 20

primary immune response

Answer 20

what happens the first time an antigen enters your body

Question 21

Secondary immune response

Answer 21

what happens the second time an antigen enters your body

Question 22

b cells

Answer 22

after stimulated by t cells divides into plasma cell and a memory b cell

Question 23

what do plasma cell produce

Answer 23

antibodies against antigen

Question 24

how long do b cells last

Answer 24

lifetime

Question 25

complement system

Answer 25

a series of enzymes in the blood that catalyze reactions that result in the bursting of the bacteria cell

Question 26

t cell

Answer 26

recognize the virus infected cell

divide into killer t cells and memory t cells

Question 27

active immunity

Answer 27

being infected by a live antigen causing a primary immune response

Question 28

vaccination

Answer 28

consist of dead or weakened bacteria that cause an immature response

Question 29

passive immunity

Answer 29

due to acquiring preformed antibodies from another individual
provides immediate protection but no memory cells

Question 30

autoimmune diseases

Answer 30

immune system fails to recognize some body cells as self, attacks self cells

Question 31

allergy

Answer 31

rapid overreaction to n antigen that isn’t normally harmful

Question 32

what are allergy symptoms caused by

Answer 32

histamines

Question 33

hiv

Answer 33

human immunodeficiency virus

infects helper t cells

Question 34

aids

Answer 34

acquired immune deficiency virus